거느리다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 거느리다.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kʌ̹nɯɾida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [거느리다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | geoneurida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | geoneulida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kŏnŭrida |
| Yale Romanization? | kenulita |
Verb
거느리다 • (geoneurida) (infinitive 거느려 or 거느리어, sequential 거느리니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 거느리다 (geoneurida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 거느린다 geoneurinda |
거느려 geoneuryeo |
거느려요, 거느리어요 geoneuryeoyo, geoneurieoyo |
거느립니다 geoneurimnida |
| Past | 거느렸다 geoneuryeotda |
거느렸어 geoneuryeosseo |
거느렸어요 geoneuryeosseoyo |
거느렸습니다 geoneuryeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 거느리느냐 geoneurineunya |
거느려 geoneuryeo |
거느려요, 거느리어요 geoneuryeoyo, geoneurieoyo |
거느립니까 geoneurimnikka |
| Past | 거느렸느냐 geoneuryeonneunya |
거느렸어 geoneuryeosseo |
거느렸어요 geoneuryeosseoyo |
거느렸습니까 geoneuryeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 거느리자 geoneurija |
거느려 geoneuryeo |
거느려요, 거느리어요 geoneuryeoyo, geoneurieoyo |
거느리십시다 geoneurisipsida | |
| Imperative | 거느려라, 거느리어라 geoneuryeora, geoneurieora |
거느려 geoneuryeo |
거느려요, 거느리어요 geoneuryeoyo, geoneurieoyo |
거느립시오 geoneuripsio | |
| Assertive | 거느리겠다 geoneurigetda |
거느리겠어 geoneurigesseo |
거느리겠어요 geoneurigesseoyo |
거느리겠습니다 geoneurigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 거느려 geoneuryeo |
거느려서, 거느리어서 geoneuryeoseo, geoneurieoseo |
거느리니 geoneurini |
거느리니까 geoneurinikka | |
| Contrast | 거느리지만 geoneurijiman |
거느리는데 geoneurineunde |
거느리더니 geoneurideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 거느리고 geoneurigo |
||||
| Condition | 거느리면 geoneurimyeon |
거느려야, 거느리어야 geoneuryeoya, geoneurieoya |
|||
| Motive | 거느리려고 geoneuriryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 거느림 geoneurim |
거느리기 geoneurigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 거느렸음, 거느리었음 geoneuryeosseum, geoneurieosseum |
거느렸기, 거느리었기 geoneuryeotgi, geoneurieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 거느린 geoneurin | |||
| Present | 거느리는 geoneurineun | ||||
| Future | 거느릴 geoneuril | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 거느리신다 geoneurisinda |
거느리셔 geoneurisyeo |
거느리세요, 거느리셔요 geoneuriseyo, geoneurisyeoyo |
거느리십니다 geoneurisimnida |
| Past | 거느리셨다 geoneurisyeotda |
거느리셨어 geoneurisyeosseo |
거느리셨어요 geoneurisyeosseoyo |
거느리셨습니다 geoneurisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 거느리시느냐 geoneurisineunya |
거느리셔 geoneurisyeo |
거느리세요, 거느리셔요 geoneuriseyo, geoneurisyeoyo |
거느리십니까 geoneurisimnikka |
| Past | 거느리셨느냐 geoneurisyeonneunya |
거느리셨어 geoneurisyeosseo |
거느리셨어요 geoneurisyeosseoyo |
거느리셨습니까 geoneurisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 거느리시라 geoneurisira |
거느리셔 geoneurisyeo |
거느리세요 geoneuriseyo |
거느리십시오 geoneurisipsio | |
| Assertive | 거느리시겠다 geoneurisigetda |
거느리시겠어 geoneurisigesseo |
거느리시겠어요 geoneurisigesseoyo |
거느리시겠습니다 geoneurisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 거느리셔 geoneurisyeo |
거느리셔서 geoneurisyeoseo |
거느리시니 geoneurisini |
거느리시니까 geoneurisinikka | |
| Contrast | 거느리시지만 geoneurisijiman |
거느리시는데 geoneurisineunde |
거느리시더니 geoneurisideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 거느리시고 geoneurisigo |
||||
| Condition | 거느리시면 geoneurisimyeon |
거느리셔야 geoneurisyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 거느리시려고 geoneurisiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 거느리심 geoneurisim |
거느리시기 geoneurisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 거느리셨음 geoneurisyeosseum |
거느리셨기 geoneurisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 거느리신 geoneurisin | |||
| Present | 거느리시는 geoneurisineun | ||||
| Future | 거느리실 geoneurisil | ||||
Middle Korean
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (Morphophonemic) IPA(key): ⫽kɘ̀nɨ́litá⫽
Verb
거느〮리다〮 (kènúlìtá) (infinitive 거느〮려〮, sequential 거느〮리니〮)
- (transitive) to lead, to have under one's command
- 1573, 내훈 [naehun], volume 2 상 [2 sang], pages 5b-6a:
- 남지니 어디디 몯ᄒᆞ면 겨지블 거느리디 몯ᄒᆞ고, 겨지비 어디디 몯ᄒᆞ면 남지ᄂᆞᆯ 셤기디 몯ᄒᆞ며
- Namcin-i eti-ti mwotho-myen kyecip-ul kenuli-ti mwotho-kwo, kyecip-i eti-ti mwotho-myen namcin-ol syemki-ti mwothomye
- If a man is not virtuous, he will not be able to have his wife under command, and if a woman is not virtuous, she will not be able to serve her husband