등락하다
Korean
Etymology
등락(騰落) (deungnak, “rise and fall, fluctuations”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tɯŋna̠kʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [등나카다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | deungnakhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | deunglaghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tŭngnakhada |
| Yale Romanization? | tunglak.hata |
Verb
등락하다 • (deungnakhada) (infinitive 등락해 or 등락하여, sequential 등락하니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 등락하다 (deungnakhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 등락한다 deungnakhanda |
등락해 deungnakhae |
등락해요 deungnakhaeyo |
등락합니다 deungnakhamnida |
| Past | 등락했다 deungnakhaetda |
등락했어 deungnakhaesseo |
등락했어요 deungnakhaesseoyo |
등락했습니다 deungnakhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 등락하느냐 deungnakhaneunya |
등락해 deungnakhae |
등락해요 deungnakhaeyo |
등락합니까 deungnakhamnikka |
| Past | 등락했느냐 deungnakhaenneunya |
등락했어 deungnakhaesseo |
등락했어요 deungnakhaesseoyo |
등락했습니까 deungnakhaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 등락하자 deungnakhaja |
등락해 deungnakhae |
등락해요 deungnakhaeyo |
등락하십시다 deungnakhasipsida | |
| Imperative | 등락해라, 등락하여라 deungnakhaera, deungnakhayeora |
등락해 deungnakhae |
등락해요 deungnakhaeyo |
등락합시오 deungnakhapsio | |
| Assertive | 등락하겠다 deungnakhagetda |
등락하겠어 deungnakhagesseo |
등락하겠어요 deungnakhagesseoyo |
등락하겠습니다 deungnakhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 등락해 deungnakhae |
등락해서, 등락하여서 deungnakhaeseo, deungnakhayeoseo |
등락하니 deungnakhani |
등락하니까 deungnakhanikka | |
| Contrast | 등락하지만 deungnakhajiman |
등락하는데 deungnakhaneunde |
등락하더니 deungnakhadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 등락하고 deungnakhago |
||||
| Condition | 등락하면 deungnakhamyeon |
등락해야, 등락하여야 deungnakhaeya, deungnakhayeoya |
|||
| Motive | 등락하려고 deungnakharyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 등락함 deungnakham |
등락하기 deungnakhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 등락했음, 등락하였음 deungnakhaesseum, deungnakhayeosseum |
등락했기, 등락하였기 deungnakhaetgi, deungnakhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 등락한 deungnakhan | |||
| Present | 등락하는 deungnakhaneun | ||||
| Future | 등락할 deungnakhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 등락하신다 deungnakhasinda |
등락하셔 deungnakhasyeo |
등락하세요, 등락하셔요 deungnakhaseyo, deungnakhasyeoyo |
등락하십니다 deungnakhasimnida |
| Past | 등락하셨다 deungnakhasyeotda |
등락하셨어 deungnakhasyeosseo |
등락하셨어요 deungnakhasyeosseoyo |
등락하셨습니다 deungnakhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 등락하시느냐 deungnakhasineunya |
등락하셔 deungnakhasyeo |
등락하세요, 등락하셔요 deungnakhaseyo, deungnakhasyeoyo |
등락하십니까 deungnakhasimnikka |
| Past | 등락하셨느냐 deungnakhasyeonneunya |
등락하셨어 deungnakhasyeosseo |
등락하셨어요 deungnakhasyeosseoyo |
등락하셨습니까 deungnakhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 등락하시라 deungnakhasira |
등락하셔 deungnakhasyeo |
등락하세요 deungnakhaseyo |
등락하십시오 deungnakhasipsio | |
| Assertive | 등락하시겠다 deungnakhasigetda |
등락하시겠어 deungnakhasigesseo |
등락하시겠어요 deungnakhasigesseoyo |
등락하시겠습니다 deungnakhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 등락하셔 deungnakhasyeo |
등락하셔서 deungnakhasyeoseo |
등락하시니 deungnakhasini |
등락하시니까 deungnakhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 등락하시지만 deungnakhasijiman |
등락하시는데 deungnakhasineunde |
등락하시더니 deungnakhasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 등락하시고 deungnakhasigo |
||||
| Condition | 등락하시면 deungnakhasimyeon |
등락하셔야 deungnakhasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 등락하시려고 deungnakhasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 등락하심 deungnakhasim |
등락하시기 deungnakhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 등락하셨음 deungnakhasyeosseum |
등락하셨기 deungnakhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 등락하신 deungnakhasin | |||
| Present | 등락하시는 deungnakhasineun | ||||
| Future | 등락하실 deungnakhasil | ||||