무겁다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 므〮겁다〮 (Yale: múkèptá), from 므〮기다〮 (múkìtá, “to make heavy”) + -업- (-ep-, adjective-deriving suffix).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [muɡʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [무겁따]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | mugeopda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | mugeobda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | mugŏpta |
| Yale Romanization? | mukepta |
Adjective
무겁다 • (mugeopda) (irregular, infinitive 무거워, sequential 무거우니)
- to be heavy
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 무겁다 (mugeopda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 무겁다 mugeopda |
무거워 mugeowo |
무거워요 mugeowoyo |
무겁습니다 mugeopseumnida |
| Past | 무거웠다 mugeowotda |
무거웠어 mugeowosseo |
무거웠어요 mugeowosseoyo |
무거웠습니다 mugeowotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 무거우냐 mugeounya |
무거워 mugeowo |
무거워요 mugeowoyo |
무겁습니까 mugeopseumnikka |
| Past | 무거웠냐 mugeowonnya |
무거웠어 mugeowosseo |
무거웠어요 mugeowosseoyo |
무거웠습니까 mugeowotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 무겁겠다 mugeopgetda |
무겁겠어 mugeopgesseo |
무겁겠어요 mugeopgesseoyo |
무겁겠습니다 mugeopgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 무거워 mugeowo |
무거워서 mugeowoseo |
무거우니 mugeouni |
무거우니까 mugeounikka | |
| Contrast | 무겁지만 mugeopjiman |
무거운데 mugeounde |
무겁더니 mugeopdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 무겁고 mugeopgo |
||||
| Condition | 무거우면 mugeoumyeon |
무거워야 mugeowoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 무거움 mugeoum |
무겁기 mugeopgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 무거웠음 mugeowosseum |
무거웠기 mugeowotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 무거운 mugeoun | |||
| Future | 무거울 mugeoul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 무거우시다 mugeousida |
무거우셔 mugeousyeo |
무거우세요, 무거우셔요 mugeouseyo, mugeousyeoyo |
무거우십니다 mugeousimnida |
| Past | 무거우셨다 mugeousyeotda |
무거우셨어 mugeousyeosseo |
무거우셨어요 mugeousyeosseoyo |
무거우셨습니다 mugeousyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 무거우시냐 mugeousinya |
무거우셔 mugeousyeo |
무거우세요, 무거우셔요 mugeouseyo, mugeousyeoyo |
무거우십니까 mugeousimnikka |
| Past | 무거우셨냐 mugeousyeonnya |
무거우셨어 mugeousyeosseo |
무거우셨어요 mugeousyeosseoyo |
무거우셨습니까 mugeousyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 무거우시겠다 mugeousigetda |
무거우시겠어 mugeousigesseo |
무거우시겠어요 mugeousigesseoyo |
무거우시겠습니다 mugeousigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 무거우셔 mugeousyeo |
무거우셔서 mugeousyeoseo |
무거우시니 mugeousini |
무거우시니까 mugeousinikka | |
| Contrast | 무거우시지만 mugeousijiman |
무거우신데 mugeousinde |
무거우시더니 mugeousideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 무거우시고 mugeousigo |
||||
| Condition | 무거우시면 mugeousimyeon |
무거우셔야 mugeousyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 무거우심 mugeousim |
무거우시기 mugeousigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 무거우셨음 mugeousyeosseum |
무거우셨기 mugeousyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 무거우신 mugeousin | |||
| Future | 무거우실 mugeousil | ||||
Antonyms
- 가볍다 (gabyeopda)
References
- National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (9 June 2007 (last accessed)) “무겁다 [mugeopda]”, in 표준국어대사전 [pyojun'gugeodaesajeon][1]