통과하다
Korean
Etymology
통과(通過) (tonggwa) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tʰo̞ŋɡwa̠ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [통과하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | tonggwahada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | tonggwahada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | t'onggwahada |
| Yale Romanization? | thongkwahata |
Verb
통과하다 • (tonggwahada) (infinitive 통과해 or 통과하여, sequential 통과하니)
- (transitive or intransitive) to pass, to go through
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 통과하다 (tonggwahada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 통과한다 tonggwahanda |
통과해 tonggwahae |
통과해요 tonggwahaeyo |
통과합니다 tonggwahamnida |
| Past | 통과했다 tonggwahaetda |
통과했어 tonggwahaesseo |
통과했어요 tonggwahaesseoyo |
통과했습니다 tonggwahaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 통과하느냐 tonggwahaneunya |
통과해 tonggwahae |
통과해요 tonggwahaeyo |
통과합니까 tonggwahamnikka |
| Past | 통과했느냐 tonggwahaenneunya |
통과했어 tonggwahaesseo |
통과했어요 tonggwahaesseoyo |
통과했습니까 tonggwahaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 통과하자 tonggwahaja |
통과해 tonggwahae |
통과해요 tonggwahaeyo |
통과하십시다 tonggwahasipsida | |
| Imperative | 통과해라, 통과하여라 tonggwahaera, tonggwahayeora |
통과해 tonggwahae |
통과해요 tonggwahaeyo |
통과합시오 tonggwahapsio | |
| Assertive | 통과하겠다 tonggwahagetda |
통과하겠어 tonggwahagesseo |
통과하겠어요 tonggwahagesseoyo |
통과하겠습니다 tonggwahagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 통과해 tonggwahae |
통과해서, 통과하여서 tonggwahaeseo, tonggwahayeoseo |
통과하니 tonggwahani |
통과하니까 tonggwahanikka | |
| Contrast | 통과하지만 tonggwahajiman |
통과하는데 tonggwahaneunde |
통과하더니 tonggwahadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 통과하고 tonggwahago |
||||
| Condition | 통과하면 tonggwahamyeon |
통과해야, 통과하여야 tonggwahaeya, tonggwahayeoya |
|||
| Motive | 통과하려고 tonggwaharyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 통과함 tonggwaham |
통과하기 tonggwahagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 통과했음, 통과하였음 tonggwahaesseum, tonggwahayeosseum |
통과했기, 통과하였기 tonggwahaetgi, tonggwahayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 통과한 tonggwahan | |||
| Present | 통과하는 tonggwahaneun | ||||
| Future | 통과할 tonggwahal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 통과하신다 tonggwahasinda |
통과하셔 tonggwahasyeo |
통과하세요, 통과하셔요 tonggwahaseyo, tonggwahasyeoyo |
통과하십니다 tonggwahasimnida |
| Past | 통과하셨다 tonggwahasyeotda |
통과하셨어 tonggwahasyeosseo |
통과하셨어요 tonggwahasyeosseoyo |
통과하셨습니다 tonggwahasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 통과하시느냐 tonggwahasineunya |
통과하셔 tonggwahasyeo |
통과하세요, 통과하셔요 tonggwahaseyo, tonggwahasyeoyo |
통과하십니까 tonggwahasimnikka |
| Past | 통과하셨느냐 tonggwahasyeonneunya |
통과하셨어 tonggwahasyeosseo |
통과하셨어요 tonggwahasyeosseoyo |
통과하셨습니까 tonggwahasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 통과하시라 tonggwahasira |
통과하셔 tonggwahasyeo |
통과하세요 tonggwahaseyo |
통과하십시오 tonggwahasipsio | |
| Assertive | 통과하시겠다 tonggwahasigetda |
통과하시겠어 tonggwahasigesseo |
통과하시겠어요 tonggwahasigesseoyo |
통과하시겠습니다 tonggwahasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 통과하셔 tonggwahasyeo |
통과하셔서 tonggwahasyeoseo |
통과하시니 tonggwahasini |
통과하시니까 tonggwahasinikka | |
| Contrast | 통과하시지만 tonggwahasijiman |
통과하시는데 tonggwahasineunde |
통과하시더니 tonggwahasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 통과하시고 tonggwahasigo |
||||
| Condition | 통과하시면 tonggwahasimyeon |
통과하셔야 tonggwahasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 통과하시려고 tonggwahasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 통과하심 tonggwahasim |
통과하시기 tonggwahasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 통과하셨음 tonggwahasyeosseum |
통과하셨기 tonggwahasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 통과하신 tonggwahasin | |||
| Present | 통과하시는 tonggwahasineun | ||||
| Future | 통과하실 tonggwahasil | ||||