험악하다
Korean
Etymology
험악(險惡) (heomak) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈhɘ(ː)ma̠kʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [허(ː)마카다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | heomakhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | heom'aghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | hŏmakhada |
| Yale Romanization? | hēm.ak.hata |
Adjective
험악하다 • (heomakhada) (infinitive 험악해 or 험악하여, sequential 험악하니, hanja 險惡하다)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 험악하다 (heomakhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 험악하다 heomakhada |
험악해 heomakhae |
험악해요 heomakhaeyo |
험악합니다 heomakhamnida |
| Past | 험악했다 heomakhaetda |
험악했어 heomakhaesseo |
험악했어요 heomakhaesseoyo |
험악했습니다 heomakhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 험악하냐 heomakhanya |
험악해 heomakhae |
험악해요 heomakhaeyo |
험악합니까 heomakhamnikka |
| Past | 험악했냐 heomakhaennya |
험악했어 heomakhaesseo |
험악했어요 heomakhaesseoyo |
험악했습니까 heomakhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 험악하겠다 heomakhagetda |
험악하겠어 heomakhagesseo |
험악하겠어요 heomakhagesseoyo |
험악하겠습니다 heomakhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 험악해 heomakhae |
험악해서, 험악하여서 heomakhaeseo, heomakhayeoseo |
험악하니 heomakhani |
험악하니까 heomakhanikka | |
| Contrast | 험악하지만 heomakhajiman |
험악한데 heomakhande |
험악하더니 heomakhadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 험악하고 heomakhago |
||||
| Condition | 험악하면 heomakhamyeon |
험악해야, 험악하여야 heomakhaeya, heomakhayeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 험악함 heomakham |
험악하기 heomakhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 험악했음, 험악하였음 heomakhaesseum, heomakhayeosseum |
험악했기, 험악하였기 heomakhaetgi, heomakhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 험악한 heomakhan | |||
| Future | 험악할 heomakhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 험악하시다 heomakhasida |
험악하셔 heomakhasyeo |
험악하세요, 험악하셔요 heomakhaseyo, heomakhasyeoyo |
험악하십니다 heomakhasimnida |
| Past | 험악하셨다 heomakhasyeotda |
험악하셨어 heomakhasyeosseo |
험악하셨어요 heomakhasyeosseoyo |
험악하셨습니다 heomakhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 험악하시냐 heomakhasinya |
험악하셔 heomakhasyeo |
험악하세요, 험악하셔요 heomakhaseyo, heomakhasyeoyo |
험악하십니까 heomakhasimnikka |
| Past | 험악하셨냐 heomakhasyeonnya |
험악하셨어 heomakhasyeosseo |
험악하셨어요 heomakhasyeosseoyo |
험악하셨습니까 heomakhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 험악하시겠다 heomakhasigetda |
험악하시겠어 heomakhasigesseo |
험악하시겠어요 heomakhasigesseoyo |
험악하시겠습니다 heomakhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 험악하셔 heomakhasyeo |
험악하셔서 heomakhasyeoseo |
험악하시니 heomakhasini |
험악하시니까 heomakhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 험악하시지만 heomakhasijiman |
험악하신데 heomakhasinde |
험악하시더니 heomakhasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 험악하시고 heomakhasigo |
||||
| Condition | 험악하시면 heomakhasimyeon |
험악하셔야 heomakhasyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 험악하심 heomakhasim |
험악하시기 heomakhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 험악하셨음 heomakhasyeosseum |
험악하셨기 heomakhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 험악하신 heomakhasin | |||
| Future | 험악하실 heomakhasil | ||||