πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌱𐌹- (bi-) +β€Ž πƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½ (sniwan).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /biˈsniwan/

Verb

πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (bisniwan)

  1. to precede (with π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚ (faur))
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Thessalonians 4:15:
      πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒΏπŒΈ-𐌸𐌰𐌽 πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ 𐌡𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐌽 π…πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ³πŒ° π†π‚πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒΉπŒ½πƒ, πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ π…πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ 𐌸𐌰𐌹 πŒ»πŒΉπŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ, 𐌸𐌰𐌹 πŒ±πŒΉπŒ»πŒ°πŒΉπŒ±πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ 𐌹𐌽 𐌡𐌿𐌼𐌰 π†π‚πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒΉπŒ½πƒ 𐌽𐌹 πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΌ π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚ πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πƒ πŒ°πŒ½πŒ°πƒπŒ»πŒ΄π€πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ;
      ΓΎatuΓΎ-ΓΎan izwis qiΓΎam in waurda fraujins, ΓΎatei weis ΓΎai libandans, ΓΎai bilaibidans in quma fraujins ni bisniwam faur ΓΎans anaslΔ“pandans;
      For this we say unto you by the word of the Lord, that we that are alive, that are left unto the coming of the Lord, shall in no wise precede them that are fallen asleep. (ASV)

Conjugation

Class 5 strong
infinitive πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½
bisniwan
indicative present past present passive
1st singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°
bisniwa 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ°πŒΏ
bisnau 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
bisniwada
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒ
bisniwis 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ°πŒΏπ„
bisnaut 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
bisniwaza
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒΉπŒΈ
bisniwiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ°πŒΏ
bisnau 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
bisniwada
1st dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…π‰πƒ
bisniwōs 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒΏ
bisnewu 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°π„πƒ
bisniwats 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒΏπ„πƒ
bisnewuts 		β€”
1st plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΌ
bisniwam 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒΏπŒΌ
bisnewum 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bisniwanda
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒΉπŒΈ
bisniwiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒΏπŒΈ
bisnewuΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bisniwanda
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
bisniwand 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒΏπŒ½
bisnewun 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bisniwanda
subjunctive present past present passive
1st singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΏ
bisniwau 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
bisnewjau 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisniwaidau
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
bisniwais 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
bisneweis 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
bisniwaizau
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉ
bisniwai 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒΉ
bisnewi 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisniwaidau
1st dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
bisniwaiwa 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
bisneweiwa 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
bisniwaits 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
bisneweits 		β€”
1st plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
bisniwaima 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
bisneweima 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisniwaindau
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
bisniwaiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
bisneweiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisniwaindau
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
bisniwaina 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒ΄π…πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
bisneweina 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisniwaindau
imperative
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…
bisniw
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisniwadau
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°π„πƒ
bisniwats
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒΉπŒΈ
bisniwiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisniwandau
present past
participles πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
bisniwands 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ½πŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½πƒ
bisniwans

Further reading

  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 126
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