πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +β€Ž πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½ (standan). Cognate with Old English gestandan, Old Saxon gistandan.

Verb

πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (gastandan) (perfective)

  1. to stop, halt, stand still
  2. to abide, uphold

Conjugation

Present tense with n-infix. The past participle is not attested but was in all likelihood *πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πƒ (*gastaΓΎans), since the participle stem is formed with the same vowel as the present stem but without the n-infix marking the present tense.

Class 6 strong, irregular
infinitive πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½
gastandan
indicative present past present passive
1st singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastanda 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈ
gastōþ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
gastandada
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπƒ
gastandis 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πƒπ„
gastōst 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
gastandaza
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
gastandiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈ
gastōþ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
gastandada
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³π‰πƒ
gastandōs 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏ
gastōþu 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°π„πƒ
gastandats 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπ„πƒ
gastōþuts 		β€”
1st plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΌ
gastandam 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπŒΌ
gastōþum 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastandanda
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
gastandiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπŒΈ
gastōþuΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastandanda
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
gastandand 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπŒ½
gastōþun 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastandanda
subjunctive present past present passive
1st singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastandau 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþjau 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastandaidau
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
gastandais 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
gastōþeis 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
gastandaizau
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉ
gastandai 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΉ
gastōþi 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastandaidau
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gastandaiwa 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gastōþeiwa 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
gastandaits 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
gastōþeits 		β€”
1st plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
gastandaima 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
gastōþeima 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastandaindau
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
gastandaiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
gastōþeiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastandaindau
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
gastandaina 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
gastōþeina 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastandaindau
imperative
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
gastand
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastandadau
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°π„πƒ
gastandats
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
gastandiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastandandau
present past
participles πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
gastandands 		*πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πƒ
*gastaΓΎans
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