𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *triwwiz.

Pronunciation

(uncertain) IPA^(key): /ˈtriɡɡʷs/, /triŋɡʷs/^[1]

Adjective

𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍃 • (triggws)

true
faithful, loyal

Declension

A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍃 triggws	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 triggwa	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅, 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐍄𐌰 triggw, triggwata
accusative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌰 triggwana	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 triggwa	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅, 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐍄𐌰 triggw, triggwata
genitive	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌹𐍃 triggwis	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 triggwaizōs	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌹𐍃 triggwis
dative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 triggwamma	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌹 triggwai	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 triggwamma
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌹 triggwai	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐍃 triggwōs	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 triggwa
accusative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 triggwans	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐍃 triggwōs	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 triggwa
genitive	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 triggwaizē	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 triggwaizō	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 triggwaizē
dative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼 triggwaim	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼 triggwaim	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼 triggwaim

Weak (definite) inflection
singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 triggwa	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉 triggwō	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉 triggwō
accusative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽 triggwan	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐌽 triggwōn	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉 triggwō
genitive	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍃 triggwins	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍃 triggwōns	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍃 triggwins
dative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌹𐌽 triggwin	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐌽 triggwōn	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌹𐌽 triggwin
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 triggwans	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍃 triggwōns	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌰 triggwōna
accusative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 triggwans	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍃 triggwōns	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌰 triggwōna
genitive	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌴 triggwanē	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍉 triggwōnō	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌴 triggwanē
dative	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌼 triggwam	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍉𐌼 triggwōm	𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌼 triggwam

Derived terms

Related terms

References

^
There is no clear scholarly consensus as to whether <ggw> resulting from Verschärfung was pronounced with a nasal or not. (Contrast words like 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽 (siggwan), where the <ggw> derives from Proto-Germanic *-ngw-, and which was very likely pronounced with a nasal.) For a selection of perspectives on the issue of whether or not there was an etymological distinction in how <ggw> was pronounced, refer to:
- Miller, D. Gary (2019) The Oxford Gothic Grammar, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 29
- Magnús Snaedal, "Gothic <ggw>", Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 128 (2011)
- James Marchand (1973) The Sounds and Phonemes of Wulfila's Gothic, pp. 87-90.

[1] There is no clear scholarly consensus as to whether <ggw> resulting from Verschärfung was pronounced with a nasal or not. (Contrast words like 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽 (siggwan), where the <ggw> derives from Proto-Germanic *-ngw-, and which was very likely pronounced with a nasal.) For a selection of perspectives on the issue of whether or not there was an etymological distinction in how <ggw> was pronounced, refer to:
Miller, D. Gary (2019) The Oxford Gothic Grammar, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 29

Magnús Snaedal, "Gothic <ggw>", Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 128 (2011)

James Marchand (1973) The Sounds and Phonemes of Wulfila's Gothic, pp. 87-90.

[2] Miller, D. Gary (2019) The Oxford Gothic Grammar, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 29

[3] Magnús Snaedal, "Gothic <ggw>", Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 128 (2011)

[4] James Marchand (1973) The Sounds and Phonemes of Wulfila's Gothic, pp. 87-90.

[1]