Old Persian
Etymology
From 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎫𐎡𐎹 (d-a-r-y-t-i-y /dārayatiy/, “to hold, have”) + *vahuš (“good”).[1][2][3]
Proper noun
𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 (d-a-r-y-v-u-š /Dārayavaʰuš/) m
- a male given name, equivalent to English Darius
Derived terms
- 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎢𐏁 (d-a-r-y-u-š /Dārayauš/)
- *Dārayahuš
Descendants
- Middle Persian: 𐭣𐭠𐭫𐭠𐭡 (dʾlʾḇ /Dārā(y)/),[4] 𐡃𐡀𐡓𐡉𐡅 (Dārayaw), 𐡃𐡀𐡓𐡉𐡍 (Dārāyān)
- Persian: داراب (dârâb), دارا (dârâ)
- → Old Armenian: Դարա (Dara)
- → Persian: داریوش (Dāryuš) (semi-learned)
- → Akkadian:
- Late Babylonian: 𒅈𒁕𒅀𒀀𒈲 (ar-da-ia-a-muš /Ardayāwuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊏𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-a-ra-ia-a-muš /Dārayāwuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊏𒅀𒈲 (da-a-ra-ia-muš /Daārayawuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊏𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-a-ra-ia-mu-uš /Dārayawuš/), 𒁕𒅈𒀀𒈲 (da-ar-a-muš /Darawuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊏𒈬𒍑 (da-a-ra-mu-uš /Dārawuš/), 𒁕𒅈𒀪𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-ar-ʾ-a-mu-uš /Darʾawuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀀𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-a-a-muš /Dāreāyawuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-a-muš /Dāreamuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀪𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-ʾ-a-muš /Dāreʾawuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-a-mu-uš /da-a-re-a-mu-uš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅎𒈲 (da-a-re-em-muš /da-a-re-em-muš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅎𒍑𒋙 (da-a-re-em-uš-šu₂ /da-a-re-em-uš-šu₂/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-ia₂-a-muš /da-a-re-ia₂-a-muš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒈲 (da-a-re-ia₂-muš /da-a-re-ia₂-muš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒀪𒈲 (da-a-re-ia₂-ʾ-muš /da-a-re-ia₂-ʾ-muš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒈬𒋙 (da-a-re-ia₂-mu-šu₂ /da-a-re-ia₂-mu-šu₂/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-ia₂-mu-uš /da-a-re-ia₂-mu-uš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-ia-a-muš /Dāreyāwuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-ia-a-mu-uš /Dāreyāwuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅀𒈲 (da-a-re-ia-muš /Dāreyawuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-ia-mu-uš /Dāreyawuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒄿𒈲 (da-a-re-i-muš /Dāreywuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒄿𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-i-mu-uš /Dāreywuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒈲 (da-a-re-muš /Dārewuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀪𒈲 (da-a-re-ʾ-muš /Dāreʾwuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒈲𒋙 (da-a-re-muš-šu₂ /Dārewušu/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒈬𒋙 (da-a-re-mu-šu₂ /Dārewušu/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀪𒈬𒋙 (da-a-re-ʾ-mu-šu₂ /Dāreʾwušu/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-mu-uš /Dārewuš/), 𒁕𒅈𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-ar-ia-a-muš /Daryāwuš/), 𒁕𒅈𒅀𒈲 (da-ar-ia-muš /Daryawuš/), 𒁕𒅈𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-ar-ia-mu-uš /Daryawuuš/), 𒁕𒅈𒈲 (da-ar-muš /Darwuš/), 𒁕𒅈𒀪𒈲 (da-ar-ʾ-muš /Darʾwuš/), 𒁕𒅈𒈬𒋙 (da-ar-mu-šu₂ /Darwušu/), 𒁕𒅈𒀪𒈬𒋙 (da-ar-ʾ-mu-šu₂ /Darʾwušu/), 𒁕𒅈𒊏𒀀𒈲 (da-ar-ra-a-muš /Darāmwš/), 𒁕𒅈𒊏𒋙 (da-ar-ra-šu₂ /Darašu/), 𒁕𒅈𒊑𒈲 (da-ar-re-muš /Darewuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒀀𒈲 (da-a-ru-a-muš /Dāruawuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒅀𒈲 (da-a-ru-ia-muš /Dāruyawuš/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒅀𒈬𒍑𒋙 (da-a-ru-ia-mu-uš-šu₂ /Dāruyawušu/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒈬𒋙 (da-a-ru-mu-šu₂ /Dāruwušu/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒈬𒍑𒋙 (da-a-ru-mu-uš-šu₂ /Dāruwušu/), 𒁕𒁯𒈲 (ᵈᵃdar-muš /Darwuš/), 𒁕𒄷𒀀𒐊𒈲 (da-hu-a-ia₂-muš /Daḫuayawuš/), 𒁕𒊏𒀀𒈲 (da-ra-a-muš /Darāwuš/), 𒁕𒊏𒀀𒈬𒋙 (da-ra-a-mu-šu₂ /Darāwušu/), 𒁕𒊏𒐊𒈲 (da-ra-ia₂-muš /Darayamuš/), 𒁕𒊏𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-ra-ia-a-muš /Darayāwuš/), 𒁕𒊏𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-ra-ia-mu-uš /Darayawuš/), 𒁯𒀀𒈲 (dar-a-muš /Darawuš/), 𒁕𒊏𒈲 (da-ra-muš /Darawuš/), 𒁕𒊏𒀪𒈲 (da-ra-ʾ-muš /Daraʾwuš/), 𒁕𒊏𒈲𒋙 (da-ra-muš-šu₂ /Darawušu/), 𒁕𒊏𒈬𒋙 (da-ra-mu-šu₂ /Darawušu/), 𒁕𒊏𒈬𒋙 (da-ra-mu-uš /Darawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒐊𒈲 (da-re-a-ia₂-muš /Dareayawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈨𒌍𒈬šu₂ (da-re-a-meš-mu-šu₂ /Dareawešwušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈲 (da-re-a-muš /Dareawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒀪𒈲 (da-re-a-ʾ-muš /Dareaʾwuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒀀𒈲 (da-re-ʾ-a-muš /Dareʾawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈲𒋙 (da-re-a-muš-šu₂ /Dareawušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈬𒋙 (da-re-a-mu-šu₂ /Dareawušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-a-mu-uš /Dareawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒅎𒈬𒍑 (da-re-em-mu-uš /Darewuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒄿 (da-re-i /Darey/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-re-ia-a-muš /Dareyāwuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀀𒀪𒈲 (da-re-ia-a-ʾ-muš /Dareyāʾmuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈬𒋙 (da-re-ia-a-mu-šu₂ /Dareyāwušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ia-a-mu-uš /Dareyāwuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒅀𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ʾ-ia-a-mu-uš /Dareʾyāwuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒈬𒈲 (da-re-ia-ᵐᵘmuš /Dareyawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒈲 (da-re-ia-muš /Dareyawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀪𒈲 (da-re-ia-ʾ-muš /Dareyaʾwuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒅀𒈲 (da-re-ʾ-ia-muš /Dareʾyawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒈬𒋙 (da-re-ia-mu-šu₂ /Dareyawušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ia-mu-uš /Dareyawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ʾ-ia-mu-uš /Dareʾyawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒐊𒈲 (da-re-ia₂-muš /Dareyawuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒐊𒀀𒈲 (da-re-ia₂-a-muš /Dareyāwuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒐊𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ia₂-a-mu-uš /Dareyāwuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒐊𒈬𒋙 (da-re-ia₂-mu-šu₂ /Dareyawušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒄿𒈲 (da-re-i-muš /Dareywuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒄿𒈬𒋙 (da-re-i-mu-šu₂ /Dareywušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒄿𒈬𒍑 (da-re-i-mu-uš /Dareywuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒀀𒋗 (da-re-mu-a-šu /Darewuašu/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒌍 (da-re-mu-eš /Darewueš/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒌍𒋙 (da-re-mu-eš-šu₂ /Darewuešu/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒈨𒌍 (da-re-ᵐᵘmeš /Darewuweš/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒈲 (da-re-ᵐᵘmuš /Darewuwuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈬𒈲 (da-re-ʾ-ᵐᵘmuš /Dareʾwuwuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒈲 (da-re-muš /Darewuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈲 (da-re-ʾ-muš /Dareʾwmuš/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒃻 (da-re-mu-ša₂ /Darewuša/), 𒁕𒊑𒈲𒋙 (da-re-muš-šu₂ /Darewušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈲𒋙 (da-re-ʾ-muš-šu₂ /Dareʾwušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒋙 (da-re-mu-šu₂ /Darewušu/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈬𒋙 (da-re-ʾ-mu-šu₂ /da-re-ʾ-mu-šu₂/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒍑 (da-re-mu-uš /da-re-mu-uš/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ʾ-mu-uš /da-re-ʾ-mu-uš/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒍑𒋙 (da-re-mu-uš-šu₂ /da-re-mu-uš-šu₂/), 𒁕𒊑𒍑𒈬𒋙 (da-re-uš-mu-šu₂ /da-re-uš-mu-šu₂/), 𒁯𒐊𒀀𒈲 (dar-ia₂-a-muš /dar-ia₂-a-muš/), 𒁯𒅀𒀀𒈲 (dar-ia-a-muš /dar-ia-a-muš/), 𒁯𒅀𒈲 (dar-ia-muš /dar-ia-muš/), 𒁯𒈲 (dar-muš /dar-muš/), 𒁯𒊏𒀀𒈲 (dar-ra-a-muš /dar-ra-a-muš/), 𒁕𒊒𒈠𒀾𒋙 (da-ru-ma-aš₂-šu₂ /da-ru-ma-aš₂-šu₂/), 𒁕𒊒𒀪𒈲 (da-ru-ʾ-muš /da-ru-ʾ-muš/), 𒁕𒊒𒌑𒈨𒋙 (da-ru-u₂-me-šu₂ /da-ru-u₂-me-šu₂/), 𒁲□𒀪□𒈨𒌍 (di-x-ʾ-x-meš /di-x-ʾ-x-meš/)
- → Aramaic:
- Imperial Aramaic: 𐡃𐡓𐡅𐡔 (drwš), 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡅𐡄𐡔 (drywhš), 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡅𐡄𐡅𐡔 (drywhwš), 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡅𐡔 (drywš)
- Classical Syriac: ܕܪܝܘܫ (dāryāwaš)
- → Egyptian:
- Late Egyptian: (jntjrwšꜣ), (jntjrwywšꜣ), (jntjrwywꜣhwšꜣ), (jntjrwywꜣšꜣ), (jntjrwꜣšꜣ), (jntjsḫtrwsꜣ), (jnṯrwywꜣšꜣ), (jnṯrywšꜣ), (jntꜣrwšꜣ), (ndrwjwṯ), (trwšꜣ), (trwšꜣ), (ṯrwywhšꜣ), (trywšꜣ), (tꜣrwšꜣ), (tꜣrwywšꜣ), (tꜣrwywhšꜣ), (tꜣrwꜣšꜣ), (ṯrywšꜣ)
- → Demotic: tꜣryꜣwš, tꜣrywš, tꜣrywhš, tꜣrywhwš, tꜣrwš, ṯrꜣwš, ṯrywš, trywš, trwyš, ṯrwš
- → Elamite:
- Achaemenid Elamite: 𒆪𒄷𒀀𒈠𒌋𒆜 (da-hu-a-ma-u-iš /Dahuamauiš/), 𒆪𒊑𒀀𒈠𒌋𒆜 (da-re-a-ma-u-iš /da-re-a-ma-u-iš/), 𒆪𒊑𒅀𒈠𒌋𒆜 (da-re-ia-ma-u-iš /Dareiamauiš/), 𒆪𒊑𒅀𒌋𒌑𒆜 (da-re-ia-u-u₂-iš /Dareiaūiš/)
- → Hebrew: דריווש (dar'yávesh), דָּרְיָוֶשׁ (dārəyā́weš)
- → Old Armenian: Դարեհ (Dareh)
- → Old Georgian: დარეჰ (dareh)
References
- Rudiger Schmitt (December 15, 1994) “DARIUS i. The Name”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York
- Justi, Ferdinand (1895) Iranisches Namenbuch[2] (in German), Marburg: N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, pages 78–80
- Bartholomae, Christian (1904) Altiranisches Wörterbuch [Old Iranian Dictionary][3] (in German), Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, column 738
- Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 36
- Posener, Georges (1936) La première domination perse en Égypte: Recueil d’inscriptions hiéroglyphiques, pages 161–163
- ^ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “1.2.14. Dārayavauš”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, pages 15-16
- ^ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “1.2.14. Dārayavahuš”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, pages 50-51
- ^ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “1.2.14. Dārayavauš / Dārēvauš”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, pages 51-56
- ^ [1], TITUS; Karnamag-i Ardashir-i Pabagan