𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰
Old Uyghur
| Uyghur script | 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽶𐽰 (q̈ʾyʾ /ḳaya/) 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰 (qʾrʾ /ḳa[y]a/)[1] 𐽲𐽰𐽶 (qʾy /ḳay/)[2] |
|---|---|
| Orkhon script | 𐰴𐰖𐰀 (qy¹a /ḳaya/) 𐰴𐰖 (qy¹ /ḳaya/) |
| Syriac script | ܗܐܝܐ (xʾyʾ /ḥaya, ḳaya/) |
| Brahmi script | 𑀓𑀸𑀬𑀸 (kāyā /ḳaya/)[3] |
| ʼPhags-pa script | ꡢ ꡗꡦ (q yė /ḳaya, ḳye/)[4] |
Etymology 1
From Proto-Common Turkic *kaya (“rock, boulder”). Cognate with Yakut хайа (qaya) and Ottoman Turkish قیا (kaya).
Noun
𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰 (qʾyʾ /ḳaya/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰 (qʾyʾ) | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽾 (qʾyʾlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (qʾyʾnynk) | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (qʾyʾlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽰 (qʾyʾqʾ) | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰 (qʾyʾlʾrqʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽲 (qʾyʾq), 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽺𐽶 (qʾyʾny) | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (qʾyʾlʾryq), 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (qʾyʾlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾀𐽰 (qʾyʾtʾ) | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (qʾyʾlʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽺 (qʾyʾtyn) | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (qʾyʾlʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽺 (qʾyʾn) | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (qʾyʾlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽽𐽰 (qʾyʾcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳 (qʾyʾqʾrw), 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽾𐽰 (qʾyʾrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (qʾyʾlʾyw) |
Derived terms
- 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (qʾyʾlʾyw /ḳayalayu/, “petrous, lapidarian, lithic”)
- 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽲 (q̈ʾyʾlyq /ḳayalïġ/, “stony shore”)
Proper noun
𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰 (qʾyʾ /Ḳaya/)
- a male given name
- 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰 𐽰𐽰𐽽𐽰𐽾𐽶 ― qʾyʾ ʾʾcʾry /Ḳaya Ačari/
- 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰 𐽼𐽰𐽲𐽻𐽶 ― qʾyʾ pʾqsy /Ḳaya Baḥšï/
- 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰 𐽰𐽳𐽺𐽷 𐾀𐽳𐾀𐽳𐽲 𐽼𐽷 ― qʾyʾ ʾwnk twtwq pk /Ḳaya Oŋ Totoḳ Beg/
- 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰 𐽻𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽳𐽺 ― qʾyʾ sʾnkwn /Ḳaya Saŋun/
Etymology 2
Unknown. Cognate with Teleut and dialectal Tuvan каяа көргүзрер (kayaa körgüzrer, “to look back”), Karakhanid قَیآ (qaya:, “behind, back”).
Adverb
𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰 (qʾyʾ /ḳaya/)
- (very rare) behind, back
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰 (arḳa), 𐽰𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ïntïn), 𐽷𐽰𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kedin), 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽿𐾀𐽰𐽷 (puruštak)
- Antonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐽸𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (aldïrtïn), 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽺 (alïn), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾀𐽳𐽺 (öŋtün), 𐽶𐽳𐽴 (yüz)
References
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “ḳaya”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 173
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “(2) kaya:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 675
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) kaya ~ k(a)y(a)”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 349
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(2) kaya”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 349