𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺
Old Uyghur
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kün (“sun, day”).
The Proto-Turkic root is compared with Tocharian A koṃ and Tocharian B kauṃ by Jens Wilkens, but any loaning from or to is unlikely, since Tocharian forms have Indo-European cognates and etymologies.[1]
Noun
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn /kün/)
- (astronomy) the Sun, the star at the center of the Solar System
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐾀𐽶𐽰 (ʾʾdtyʾ /aditya/), 𐽲𐽳𐽶𐽰𐽿 (qwyʾš /ḳuyaš/), 𐰚𐰇𐰤𐰾 (kẅn²s² /küneš/), 𐫖𐫏𐫡 (myr /mir/), 𐽻𐽳𐽾𐽶𐽰 (swryʾ /surya/)
- (time) day, daytime, the span of a day, times when sun is visible during a day
- Synonym: 𐽾𐽳𐽽 (rwc /ruč/)
- (in compounds, rare) south
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐾀𐽶𐽺 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾltyn yynkʾq /altïn yïŋaḳ/), 𐽼𐽶𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (pyrdyn /bérdin/), 𐽼𐽶𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳𐽸𐽶𐽺 (pyrqʾrwdyn /bïrġarudïn/), 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾyrdyn /irdin/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwyntyn /küntin/), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽳 (ʾwyrw /örü/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwynlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwynnwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwynlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰 (kwynkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwynlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽷 (kwynwk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽶 (kwynny) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (kwynlʾryk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwynlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽸𐽰 (kwyndʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (kwynlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwyndyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽺 (kwynwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽰 (kwyncʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwynkʾrw), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽾𐽰 (kwynrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwynlʾyw) |
Compound terms
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐾀𐽳 (kwyn ʾwrtw /kün orto/, “noon”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐾀𐽳 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽲 (kwyn ʾwrtw yynkʾq /kün orto yïŋaḳ/, “south”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽻𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwyn sʾyw /kün sayu/, “everyday”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽼𐽰𐾀𐽲𐽳 (kwyn pʾtqw /kün batġu/, “sunset”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽼𐽰𐾀𐽻𐽶𐽲 (kwyn pʾtsyq /kün batsïḳ/, “west”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽼𐽰𐾀𐽻𐽶𐽲𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽷𐽶 (kwyn pʾtsyqqʾtky /kün batsïḳḳategi/, “until sunset”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐽲𐽳 (kwyn twqqw /kün tuġġu/, “sunrise”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐽻𐽶𐽲 (kwyn twqsyq /kün tuġsïḳ/, “east”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶 (kwyn tnkry /kün teŋri/, “the Sun-god”)
Derived terms
- 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽳𐽺 (kwnwn /künün/, “in daylight”)
Descendants
- Western Yugur: kun (/kun/, “sun, day”)
- ⇒ Western Yugur: kunengər (/kun engïr/, “next year”)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Middle Chinese 閫 (khwonX, “women's quarters”).
Noun
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn /kün/)
- chamber of concubines, women's quarters
- Synonym: 𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽶𐽲𐾁𐽶𐽲 (qwryqlyq /ḳorïġlïġ/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwynlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwynnwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwynlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰 (kwynkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwynlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽷 (kwynwk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽶 (kwynny) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (kwynlʾryk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwynlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽸𐽰 (kwyndʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (kwynlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwyndyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽺 (kwynwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽰 (kwyncʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwynkʾrw), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽾𐽰 (kwynrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwynlʾyw) |
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Middle Chinese 卷 (gjwonX, kjwenH, “reel of books, scroll, fascicle”).
Noun
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn /kün, küén, küin/)
- reel of books, compiled books
- Synonyms: 𐽽𐽳𐽲𐾀𐽻𐽰 (cwqtsʾ /čuḳtse/), 𐾀𐽰𐽷𐽴𐽶𐽺𐽽 (tʾkzync /tegzinč/)
- copy, written copy of a work
- Synonym: 𐽼𐽳𐽳 (pww /buu, vuu/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwynlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwynnwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwynlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰 (kwynkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwynlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽷 (kwynwk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽶 (kwynny) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (kwynlʾryk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwynlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽸𐽰 (kwyndʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (kwynlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwyndyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽺 (kwynwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽰 (kwyncʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwynkʾrw), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽾𐽰 (kwynrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwynlʾyw) |
References
- ^ "kauṃ", in Adams, D. Q. (2013). A dictionary of Tocharian B.: Revised and greatly enlarged. Rodopi. p. 225-226
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “kün”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 122
- Clauson, G. (1964). Early Turkish astronomical terms. Ural-Aaltaische Jahrbücher, 35(4), 350-368.
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “1. kün (~ g-)”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 725
- Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969), “KÜN”, in Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ [Dictionary of Old Turkic] (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, page 326
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1, 2, 3, 5) kün”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 440-441