Prakrit
Etymology
Inherited from Sanskrit गभीर (gabhīrá).
Adjective
𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭 (gahīra) (Devanagari गहीर, Kannada ಗಹೀರ) (attested in Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Māhārāṣṭrī)
- deep
Declension
| Maharastri declension of 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭 (masculine)
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singular
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plural
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| Nominative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁄 (gahīro)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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| Accusative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀁 (gahīraṃ)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂 (gahīre) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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| Instrumental
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀡 (gahīreṇa) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (gahīreṇaṃ)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (gahīrehi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (gahīrehiṃ)
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| Dative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀅 (gahīrāa)
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—
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| Ablative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀑 (gahīrāo) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀉 (gahīrāu) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (gahīrāhi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (gahīrāhiṃto)
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—
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| Genitive
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (gahīrassa)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀡 (gahīrāṇa) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (gahīrāṇaṃ)
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| Locative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (gahīrammi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂 (gahīre)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (gahīresu) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (gahīresuṃ)
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| Vocative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭 (gahīra) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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| Maharastri declension of 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (feminine)
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singular
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plural
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| Nominative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀑 (gahīrāo) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀉 (gahīrāu) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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| Accusative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀁 (gahīraṃ)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀑 (gahīrāo) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀉 (gahīrāu) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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| Instrumental
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀏 (gahīrāe) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇 (gahīrāi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀅 (gahīrāa)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (gahīrāhi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (gahīrāhiṃ)
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| Dative
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—
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—
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| Ablative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀑 (gahīrāo) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀉 (gahīrāu)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (gahīrāhiṃto)
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| Genitive
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀏 (gahīrāe) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇 (gahīrāi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀅 (gahīrāa)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀡 (gahīrāṇa) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (gahīrāṇaṃ)
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| Locative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀏 (gahīrāe) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇 (gahīrāi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀅 (gahīrāa)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀲𑀼 (gahīrāsu) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (gahīrāsuṃ)
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| Vocative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂 (gahīre) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀑 (gahīrāo) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀉 (gahīrāu) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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| Maharastri declension of 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭 (neuter)
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singular
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plural
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| Nominative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀁 (gahīraṃ)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (gahīrāiṃ) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇 (gahīrāi)
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| Accusative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀁 (gahīraṃ)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (gahīrāiṃ) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇 (gahīrāi)
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| Instrumental
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀡 (gahīreṇa) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (gahīreṇaṃ)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (gahīrehi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (gahīrehiṃ)
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| Dative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀅 (gahīrāa)
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—
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| Ablative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀑 (gahīrāo) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀉 (gahīrāu) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (gahīrāhi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (gahīrāhiṃto)
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—
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| Genitive
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (gahīrassa)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀡 (gahīrāṇa) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (gahīrāṇaṃ)
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| Locative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (gahīrammi) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂 (gahīre)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (gahīresu) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (gahīresuṃ)
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| Vocative
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭 (gahīra) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸 (gahīrā)
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𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (gahīrāiṃ) or 𑀕𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇 (gahīrāi)
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Descendants
- Middle Bengali: গহীন (gohin)
- Gurjara Apabhramsa:
- Gujarati: ઘેરું (gherũ)
- Marwari: गहर (gahar)
- Maithili: gahī̃ra
- Devanagari script: गहींर
- Tirhuta script: 𑒑𑒯𑒲𑓀𑒩
- Old Marathi:
- Devanagari script: गहिर (gahira)
- Modi script: 𑘐𑘮𑘲𑘨 (gahīra)
- Nepali: गहिरो (gahiro)
- Odia: ଗହିର (gahira), ଗଇର (gaira)
- Old Punjabi: ਗਹਿਰੁ (gahiru), ਗਹਰਾ (gaharā), ਗਹੀਰੁ (gahīru)
- Punjabi:
- Gurmukhi script: ਗਹਿਰਾ (gahirā)
- Shahmukhi script: گہرا (ghrā)
- Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
- Sindhi:
- Arabic script: گَهَرو
- Devanagari script: गहरो
- ⇒ Prakrit: *𑀕𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀓 (*gahiraka) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-))
- Middle Bengali: গহিরা (gohira)
- Odia: ଗହିରା (gahirā)
Further reading
- Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “गहिर”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
- E.B. Cowell (1868) The Prákṛit Prakáśa[1], London: Trübner & Co., page 111
- Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 75
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gabhīrá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 215