๐ฏ๐๐ฆ
Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Sanskrit เคตเคเคจ (vacana). Cognate with Pali vacana.
Noun
๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) n
- word
- c. 257 BCE, Aลoka, Separate Rock Edict 1 Dhauli.1-2:
- ๐ค๐๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐บ๐ฌ๐ฒ ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ ๐ข๐๐ฒ๐ฎ๐บ๐ฌ๐ ๐ซ๐ณ๐ธ๐ซ๐ข ๐ฆ๐๐ฎ๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ๐๐ณ๐ธ๐ฎ๐๐ธ
๐ฏ๐ข๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ- devฤnaแนpiyasa vacanena tosaliyaแน mahฤmata nagalaviyohฤlakฤ
vataviya
- 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch
- At the word of Devฤnฤแนpriya, the Mahฤmฤtras at Tosali, (who are) the judicial officers of the city, have to be told (thus).
- devฤnaแนpiyasa vacanena tosaliyaแน mahฤmata nagalaviyohฤlakฤ
- ๐ค๐๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐บ๐ฌ๐ฒ ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ ๐ข๐๐ฒ๐ฎ๐บ๐ฌ๐ ๐ซ๐ณ๐ธ๐ซ๐ข ๐ฆ๐๐ฎ๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ๐๐ณ๐ธ๐ฎ๐๐ธ
- c. 257 BCE, Aลoka, Queen's Pillar Edict Allahabad-Kosambi.1:
- ๐ค๐๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐บ๐ฌ๐ฐ๐ธ ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ๐ธ ๐ฒ๐ฏ๐ข ๐ซ๐ณ๐ซ๐ข๐ธ
๐ฏ๐ข๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ๐ธ- devฤnaแนpiyaลฤ vacanenฤ savata mahamatฤ
vataviyฤ
- 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch
- At the word of Devฤnฤแนpriya, the Mahฤmฤtras everywhere have to be told (this).
- devฤnaแนpiyaลฤ vacanenฤ savata mahamatฤ
- ๐ค๐๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐บ๐ฌ๐ฐ๐ธ ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ๐ธ ๐ฒ๐ฏ๐ข ๐ซ๐ณ๐ซ๐ข๐ธ
- c. 258 BCE, Aลoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.1:
- ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ฏ๐๐ก๐๐บ๐ญ๐ป๐ข๐ ๐
๐ฌ๐ง๐ผ๐ข๐ฒ ๐ซ๐ณ๐ธ๐ซ๐ธ๐ข๐ธ๐ก๐ ๐ ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ ๐๐ฒ๐บ๐ฎ๐ฒ๐บ ๐ซ๐ณ๐ธ๐ซ๐ธ๐ข๐ธ ๐๐ญ๐๐๐บ๐ฌ๐ ๐ฏ๐ข๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ๐ธ ๐ณ๐๐ฏ๐ ๐ ๐ฏ๐ข๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ๐ธ
- suvaแนแนagirฤซte ayaputasa mahฤmฤtฤแนaแน ca vacanena isilasi mahฤmฤtฤ ฤrogiyaแน vataviyฤ hevaแน ca vataviyฤ
- 1997 translation by Romila Thapar
- From Suvarnagiri, on the order of his Highness the Prince, and the officers: good health to the officers of Isila who are to be instructed thus.
- ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ฏ๐๐ก๐๐บ๐ญ๐ป๐ข๐ ๐
๐ฌ๐ง๐ผ๐ข๐ฒ ๐ซ๐ณ๐ธ๐ซ๐ธ๐ข๐ธ๐ก๐ ๐ ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ ๐๐ฒ๐บ๐ฎ๐ฒ๐บ ๐ซ๐ณ๐ธ๐ซ๐ธ๐ข๐ธ ๐๐ญ๐๐๐บ๐ฌ๐ ๐ฏ๐ข๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ๐ธ ๐ณ๐๐ฏ๐ ๐ ๐ฏ๐ข๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ๐ธ
Declension
| Declension of ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | โ | โ |
| accusative | โ | โ |
| instrumental | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ vacanena |
โ |
| dative | โ | โ |
| ablative | โ | โ |
| genitive | โ | โ |
| locative | โ | โ |
Alternative forms
Attested at Allahabad-Kosambi, Brahmagiri, Dhauli, Jaugada, Nittur, Siddapura and Udegolam.
| Dialectal forms of ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (โwordโ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Allahabad-Kosambi | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) | |
| East | Dhauli | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) | |
| Jaugada | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) | ||
| South | Siddapura | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ ins.sg (vacanena) |
| Brahmagiri | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ ins.sg (vacanena) | |
| Udegolam | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ ins.sg (vacanena) | |
| Nittur | ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) | ?๐ฏ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ ins.sg (vacanena) | |
| Map of dialectal forms of ๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (โwordโ) | ||
|---|---|---|
|
๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (vacana) (7) | ||
Descendants
- Prakrit: ๐ฏ๐ฌ๐ก (vayaแนa) (see there for further descendants)
References
- Hultzsch, E[ugen Julius Theodor] (1925) Inscriptions of Aลoka (new edition), in Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 159.
- Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) โvacana-โ, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aลoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 168