𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇

Prakrit

Etymology

Prakrit verb set
𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (sikkhaï)
𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀯𑁂𑀇 (sikkhāvei)

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱek-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćíkšati

Sanskrit शिक्ष॑ति (śíkṣati)

Prakrit 𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (sikkhaï)

Inherited from Sanskrit शिक्ष॑ति (śíkṣati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćíkšati, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱek-. Cognate with Pali sikkhati.

Verb

𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (sikkhaï) (Devanagari सिक्खइ, Kannada ಸಿಕ್ಖಇ) (transitive) (attested in Māhārāṣṭrī)

to learn
- c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 477:
  𑀯𑀳𑀼𑀯𑀺𑀳𑀯𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀲𑀭𑀲𑀺𑀏 𑀲𑀼𑀭𑀏 𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀡 𑀓𑁄 𑀉𑀯𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀑?
  𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 𑀅𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀺𑀆𑀇-𑀯𑀺 𑀲𑀯𑁆𑀯𑁄 𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀼𑀯𑀁𑀥𑁂𑀡
  vahuvihavilāsarasie surae mahilāṇa ko uvajjhāo?
  sikkhaï asikkhiāi-vi savvo ṇehāṇuvaṃdheṇa
  2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
  In lovemaking, with its manifold and intricate delights, Who is there to instruct women?
  One can learn anything simply by being shown some affection.
- c. 1122 – 1123, Devendra, Uttarādhyayana-Vṛtti X. a. Agaladatta, page 67, lines 3 – 5:
  𑀅𑀦𑁆𑀦𑀬𑀸 𑀕𑀼𑀭𑀼-𑀚𑀡𑀸-𑀡𑀼𑀦𑁆𑀦𑀸𑀢𑁄 𑀲𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥-𑀯𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄 𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸-𑀤𑀁𑀲𑀡𑀁 𑀓𑀸𑀉𑀁 𑀭𑀸𑀬-𑀓𑀼𑀮𑀁 𑀕𑀢𑁄
  𑀢𑀢𑁆𑀣-𑀬 𑀅𑀲𑀺-𑀔𑁂𑀟𑀬-𑀕𑀳𑀡𑁆-𑀆𑀇𑀬𑀁 𑀚𑀳𑀸-𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀺𑀬𑀁 𑀲𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀁 𑀤𑀸𑀇𑀬𑀁
  annayā guru-jaṇā-ṇunnāto siddha-vijjo sikkhā-daṃsaṇaṃ kāuṃ rāya-kulaṃ gato
  tattha-ya asi-kheḍaya-gahaṇ-āiyaṃ jahā-sikkhiyaṃ savvaṃ dāiyaṃ
  When he had mastered the sciences he went one day with the permission of his teacher to the court of the king in order to show his proficiency
  And there he exhibited everything just as he had been taught, how to hold the sword and the shield, and other acquirements.

Descendants

Central Indo-Aryan:
- Hindustani:
  - Hindi: सीखना (sīkhnā)
  - Urdu: سِیکھْنَا (sīkhnā)
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Bengali-Assamese:
  - Assamese: শিকা (xika)
  - Bengali: শেখা (śekha)
  - Sylheti: ꠢꠤꠇꠣ (hika)
Northern Indo-Aryan:
- Nepali: सिक्नु (siknu)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Punjabi:
  Gurmukhi script: ਸਿੱਖਣਾ (sikkhaṇā)
- Sindhi:
  Arabic script: سِکَڻُ (sikhaṇu)
  
  Devanagari script: सिखणु (sikhaṇu)
Southern Indo-Aryan:
- Konkani:
  Devanagari script: शिक्चे (śikce)
  
  Kannada script: ಶಿಕ್ಚೆ (śikce)
  
  Latin script: xikche
- Old Marathi:
  Devanagari script: सिकणे (sikaṇe), सिखणे (sikhaṇe)
  
  Modi script: 𑘭𑘲𑘎𑘜𑘹 (sīkaṇe), 𑘭𑘲𑘏𑘜𑘹 (sīkhaṇe)
  - Marathi: शिकणे (śikṇe)
Western Indo-Aryan:
- Old Gujarati: सीषइ (sīkhai)
  - Gujarati: શીખવું (śīkhvũ)
  - Saurashtra: ꢱꢶꢒ꣄ꢒꢥ꣄ (sikkan)
- Romani: siklǒvel, siklǒl, sikavel, siklǎrel

References

Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “सिक्ख”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 224
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śíkṣatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press