'ok

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ok"

Old Tupi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔok, from Proto-Tupian *ʔək.

Verb

'ok (first-person singular active indicative aîo'ok, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîo'oki, noun 'oka) (transitive)

  1. to pluck; to pull off (to remove by pulling)
  2. (loosely) to take off (to remove)
    • 1622, anonymous author, “Descalçar ou despir”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 96; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
      Aiooc xeaoba […], [aiooc] Xepîgapaçaba.
      [Aîo'ok xe aoba […], [aîo'ok] xe pyapasaba]
      I took off my clothes. I took off my shoes.
    • 1687, João Filipe Bettendorff, “Breve instrução para o Bautismo de hum Indio pagão em caso de suprema necessidade”, in Compendio da Doutrina Christãa Na lingua Portugueza, e Brasilica [Compendium of the Christian Doctrine in the Portuguese and Brasílica Language] (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), page 113, column 2; republished as José Mariano da Conceição Vellozo, editor, Lisbon: Offic. de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, 1800:
      Nhemongaräi´ba y caräiba pupé acẽ nhemoĩaçyca, acẽ ânga oiocei´, oimoiacýc ikyiâ ôca.
      [Nhemongaraíba 'ykaraíba pupé asé nhemoîasyka, asé anga oîoseî, oîmoîasyk i ky'a 'oka.]
      With baptism's holy water the people baptise themselves, wash their souls, wash them to take their filth off.
  3. to snatch (to grasp quickly)
    • 1622, anonymous author, “Caranguejar”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 66; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
      Auçaoc.
      [Ausa'ok]
      I snatch crabs.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of 'ok (transitive, monosyllabic, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative 'okukar
Causative-comitative ero'ok
Reflexive îe'ok
Deverbals
-ba'e oîo'okyba'e
emi- emi'oka / mi'oka
-pyr(a) i 'okypyra
-sab(a) 'okaba
-sar(a) 'okara
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative aîo'ok ereîo'ok oîo'ok oroîo'ok îaîo'ok peîo'ok
Permissive t'aîo'ok t'ereîo'ok t'oîo'ok t'oroîo'ok t'îaîo'ok ta peîo'ok
Imperative eîo'ok peîo'ok
Negative indicative n'aîo'oki n'ereîo'oki n'oîo'oki n'oroîo'oki n'îaîo'oki na peîo'oki
Negative permissive t'aîo'ok umẽ t'ereîo'ok umẽ t'oîo'ok umẽ t'oroîo'ok umẽ t'îaîo'ok umẽ ta peîo'ok umẽ
Negative imperative eîo'ok umẽ peîo'ok umẽ
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative 'oka
Negative 'oke'yma
Gerund
Affirmative xe 'oka nde 'oka i 'oka oré 'oka îandé 'oka pe 'oka
Negative xe 'oke'yma nde 'oke'yma i 'oke'yma oré 'oke'yma îandé 'oke'yma pe 'oke'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe 'oki i 'oki oré 'oki îandé 'oki
Negative xe 'oke'ymi i 'oke'ymi oré 'oke'ymi îandé 'oke'ymi

References

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