-й

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-u/*-a/*-i/*-yu (“imperfective converb”).

-й • (-i)

1. Forms an imperfective converb

• -п (-p, perfective converb suffix)

Either from Etymology 1 or from Proto-Turkic *-gey.

-й • (-i)

1. Forms a non-past tense.

   Мен қазақша білемін.

   Men qazaqşa bılemın.

   I know Kazakh.

   Ертең не істейміз?

   Erteñ ne ısteimız?

   What will we do tomorrow?

• IPA^(key): /j/

-й • (-y)

1. Agglutinated after a verb stem which ends in a vowel, forming an imperfective converb
2. Agglutinated after the negative form of a verb stem, forming a negative imperfective or associative converb

   иште-→ иштей. ― işte-→ iştey. ― Not to work.

   жаз-→ жазбайт. ― jaz-→ jazbayt. ― Not to write.

For stems ending in consonants, variants -е (-ye), -ө (-ö), -а (-a), and -о (-o) are used, complying with vowel harmony.

• -п (-p, associative converb suffix)

• IPA^(key): /j/

-й • (-j)

1. Marks the plural form of the accusative case
2. Rarely used to form quality verbs from nouns, whose referents usually emit a strong smell

   кинтə → кинтəйсьа ― kintə → kintəjsʹa ― Smoke → To smell of smoke

• Beáta Wagner-Nagy. 2018. "A Grammar of Nganasan". Grammars and Sketches of the World's Languages, p. 193, p. 528

• IPA^(key): /j/

-й • (-y)

1. Agglutinated after a verb stem which ends in a vowel, forming an imperfective converb
2. Agglutinated after the negative form of a verb stem, forming a negative imperfective or associative converb

For stems ending in consonants, variants -е (-ye), -ӧ (-ö), -а (-a), and -о (-o) are used, complying with vowel harmony.

• -п (-p, associative converb suffix)

• IPA^(key): /j/

-й • (-y)

1. Agglutinated after an affirmative verb stem which ends in a vowel, forming an affirmative imperfective converb
   1. Used to form the ability of a verb, with auxiliary ал- (al-, literally “to take”)

      Уруг удавас номчуй алыр. ― Urug udavas nomçuy alır. ― The child will be able to read soon.

   2. Used to form a perfective verb, with auxiliary бер- (ber-, literally “to give”)

• -п (-p, associative converb suffix)

• IPA^(key): /j/

-й • (-y)

1. Epithesis after a verb stem which originally ended in a lengthened high vowel (ии, үү, ыы, уу) or a short vowel (э, и, ө, ү, а, ы, о, у; only in a loan), due to Sakha conjugation do not allow stem in such endings