-лив
See also: лив
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *-ьlivъ (occasionally Proto-Slavic *-ъlivъ), a combination of the resultative suffix -л (-l) + -ив (-iv).
Suffix
-лив • (-liv) m
- Forms adjectives from nouns, verbal participles/nouns or adjectives with resultant or approximating meaning: -ish, -able
- From verbs:
- схва́щам (shváštam, “to grasp”) → схватли́в (shvatlív, “perceptive”)
- рабо́тя (rabótja, “to work”) → работли́в (rabotlív, “hard-working”)
- избу́хвам (izbúhvam, “to explode”) → избухли́в (izbuhlív, “short-tempered, explosive”)
- избу́хвам (izbúhvam, “to explode”) → избухли́в (izbuhlív, “short-tempered, explosive”)
- крада́ (kradá, “to steal”) → крадли́в (kradlív, “thievish”)
- ре́ва (réva, “to cry”) → ревли́в (revlív, “cry-baby”)
- From action/abstract nouns:
- сва́да (sváda, “quarrel”) → свадли́в (svadlív, “quarrelsome”)
- скок (skok, “jump”) → скокли́в (skoklív, “frisky”)
- лъ́жа (lǎ́ža, “lie”) → лъжли́в (lǎžlív, “prone to lying”)
- па́мет (pámet, “memory”) → паметли́в (pametlív, “with good memory”)
- безо́чие (bezóčie, “shamelessness”) → безо́члив (bezóčliv, “shameless”)
- суета́ (suetá, “vanity”) → суетли́в (suetlív, “fussy”)
- From adjectives:
- From verbs:
Usage notes
Adjectives formed with the suffix normally denote tendency, liability to do the activity/property that the adjective stem conveys.
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
indefinite | -ли́в -lív |
-ли́ва -líva |
-ли́во -lívo |
-ли́ви -lívi |
definite (subject form) |
-ли́вият -lívijat |
-ли́вата -lívata |
-ли́вото -lívoto |
-ли́вите -lívite |
definite (object form) |
-ли́вия -lívija |
Derived terms
Related terms
- -елив (-eliv)
- -алив (-aliv)
- -льо (-ljo)
Macedonian
Etymology
Cognate with Russian -ли́вый (-lívyj), Czech -livý, etc.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [lif]
Suffix
-лив • (-liv) m
- -able (An adjective suffix, now usually in a passive sense; forms adjectives meaning possible, or fit).
Declension
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | -лив (-liv) | -лива (-liva) | -ливо (-livo) | -ливи (-livi) |
definite unspecified | -ливиот (-liviot) | -ливата (-livata) | -ливото (-livoto) | -ливите (-livite) |
definite proximal | -ливиов (-liviov) | -ливава (-livava) | -ливово (-livovo) | -лививе (-livive) |
definite distal | -ливион (-livion) | -ливана (-livana) | -ливоно (-livono) | -ливине (-livine) |