-лив

See also: лив

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ьlivъ (occasionally Proto-Slavic *-ъlivъ), a combination of the resultative suffix (-l) +‎ -ив (-iv).

Suffix

-лив • (-livm

  1. Forms adjectives from nouns, verbal participles/nouns or adjectives with resultant or approximating meaning: -ish, -able
    From verbs:
    схва́щам (shváštam, to grasp)схватли́в (shvatlív, perceptive)
    рабо́тя (rabótja, to work)работли́в (rabotlív, hard-working)
    избу́хвам (izbúhvam, to explode)избухли́в (izbuhlív, short-tempered, explosive)
    избу́хвам (izbúhvam, to explode)избухли́в (izbuhlív, short-tempered, explosive)
    крада́ (kradá, to steal)крадли́в (kradlív, thievish)
    ре́ва (réva, to cry)ревли́в (revlív, cry-baby)
    From action/abstract nouns:
    сва́да (sváda, quarrel)свадли́в (svadlív, quarrelsome)
    скок (skok, jump)скокли́в (skoklív, frisky)
    лъ́жа (lǎ́ža, lie)лъжли́в (lǎžlív, prone to lying)
    па́мет (pámet, memory)паметли́в (pametlív, with good memory)
    безо́чие (bezóčie, shamelessness)безо́члив (bezóčliv, shameless)
    суета́ (suetá, vanity)суетли́в (suetlív, fussy)
    From adjectives:
    плах (plah, timid)плашли́в (plašlív, easily scared)
    коке́тен (kokéten, coquettish)кокетли́в (koketlív, kittenish)

Usage notes

Adjectives formed with the suffix normally denote tendency, liability to do the activity/property that the adjective stem conveys.

Declension

Declension of -ли́в (no comparative)
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
indefinite -ли́в
-lív
-ли́ва
-líva
-ли́во
-lívo
-ли́ви
-lívi
definite
(subject form)
-ли́вият
-lívijat
-ли́вата
-lívata
-ли́вото
-lívoto
-ли́вите
-lívite
definite
(object form)
-ли́вия
-lívija

Derived terms

  • -елив (-eliv)
  • -алив (-aliv)
  • -льо (-ljo)

Macedonian

Etymology

Cognate with Russian -ли́вый (-lívyj), Czech -livý, etc.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [lif]

Suffix

-лив • (-livm

  1. -able (An adjective suffix, now usually in a passive sense; forms adjectives meaning possible, or fit).

Declension

Declension of -лив
masculine feminine neuter plural
indefinite -лив (-liv) -лива (-liva) -ливо (-livo) -ливи (-livi)
definite unspecified -ливиот (-liviot) -ливата (-livata) -ливото (-livoto) -ливите (-livite)
definite proximal -ливиов (-liviov) -ливава (-livava) -ливово (-livovo) -лививе (-livive)
definite distal -ливион (-livion) -ливана (-livana) -ливоно (-livono) -ливине (-livine)

Derived terms