-CHʼIIZH
Navajo
Etymology
From Proto-Athabaskan *čʼʷičʼʷ (“to be rough, chapped”).
Cognate root found in Ahtna atsʼiis (“it is chapped”), Chipewyan dɛts’iz (“it is rough and hard”).
Related to -CHʼÍÍZH (“make a dry rustling sound”).
Root
-CHʼIIZH
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| di + ∅ | adjectival |
S is rough
|
|||||
| di + ∅ |
S hardens, becomes chapped
|
||||||
| ∅ | successive |
S saws, files, scrubs
|
Stem set
| Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOM / REP | -chʼiish | -chʼiizh | -chʼish | -chʼish | -chʼiish |
| MOM | -chʼish | -chʼiizh | -chʼish | -chʼish | -chʼish |
| SEM | -chʼish | -chʼish | -chʼish | -chʼish | -chʼish |
| NEU | -chʼíízh | — | — | — | — |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
to saw:
- -ZHÍÍʼ
rough:
- -DĄZH
- -GÓÓN
- -JÉÉL
- -WOL
- -ZHÍÍʼ
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -CHʼIIZH (abrade)