-askodik

Hungarian

Etymology

From -as (adjective-forming suffix) +‎ -kodik (verb-forming suffix).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɒʃkodik]

Suffix

-askodik

  1. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun or an adjective to create an intransitive verb to express that someone behaves or acts like the base word. The verbs often have a pejorative meaning.

Usage notes

  • (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -skodik is added to back-vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
    katona (soldier) + ‎-skodik → ‎katonáskodik (to soldier, to serve in the army as a soldier)
    -skedik is added to unrounded front-vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.
    hülye (idiot) + ‎-skedik → ‎hülyéskedik (to act foolishly)
    -sködik is added to rounded front-vowel words
    -askodik is added to some back-vowel words
    hatalom (power) + ‎-askodik → ‎hatalmaskodik (to domineer)
    -oskodik is added to some back-vowel words
    rab (captive) + ‎-oskodik → ‎raboskodik (to live in captivity)
    -ösködik is added to some rounded front-vowel words
    főnök (boss) + ‎-ösködik → ‎főnökösködik (to be bossy, to behave like a boss; to work as a boss)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -askodik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. -askodok -askodsz -askodik -askodunk -askodtok -askodnak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. -askodtam -askodtál -askodott -askodtunk -askodtatok -askodtak
def.
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -askodni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. -askodék -askodál -askoda -askodánk -askodátok -askodának
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -askodik vala, -askodott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. -askodandok -askodandasz -askodand -askodandunk -askodandotok -askodandanak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. -askodnék -askodnál -askodna -askodnánk -askodnátok -askodnának
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -askodott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. -askodjak -askodj or
-askodjál
-askodjon -askodjunk -askodjatok -askodjanak
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -askodott légyen
infinitive -askodni -askodnom -askodnod -askodnia -askodnunk -askodnotok -askodniuk
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
-askodás -askodó -askodott -askodva (-askodván)
Potential conjugation of -askodik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. -askodhatok -askodhatsz -askodhat -askodhatunk -askodhattok -askodhatnak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. -askodhattam -askodhattál -askodhatott -askodhattunk -askodhattatok -askodhattak
def.
2nd obj
archaic
preterite
indef. -askodhaték -askodhatál -askodhata -askodhatánk -askodhatátok -askodhatának
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -askodhat vala, -askodhatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. -askodhatandok
or -askodandhatok
-askodhatandasz
or -askodandhatsz
-askodhatand
or -askodandhat
-askodhatandunk
or -askodandhatunk
-askodhatandotok
or -askodandhattok
-askodhatandanak
or -askodandhatnak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. -askodhatnék -askodhatnál -askodhatna -askodhatnánk -askodhatnátok -askodhatnának
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -askodhatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. -askodhassak -askodhass or
-askodhassál
-askodhasson -askodhassunk -askodhassatok -askodhassanak
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -askodhatott légyen
infinitive (-askodhatni) (-askodhatnom) (-askodhatnod) (-askodhatnia) (-askodhatnunk) (-askodhatnotok) (-askodhatniuk)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
(-askodhatva / -askodhatván)

Derived terms

Hungarian verbs suffixed with -askodik

See also

  • Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

References

  1. ^ -askodik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)