See also: Appendix:Variations of "sto"
Finnish
Etymology
From earlier *-s-ta-i, from -s + -ta (akin to -ea << *-e-ta, like in -usta) + -i, all noun-forming suffixes.
Suffix
-sto (front vowel harmony variant -stö, linguistic notation -stO)
- Forms collective nouns from nouns indicating individual things.
- kirja (“book”) + -sto → kirjasto (“library”)
- laiva (“ship”) + -sto → laivasto (“fleet”)
- puu (“tree”) + -sto → puisto (“park”)
- oppi (“education, doctrine”) + -sto → opisto (“academy, institute”)
Declension
- The most common genitive and partitive plural forms for -sto nouns are -stojen and -stoja, which correspond to declension type 1 (valo). Kielitoimiston sanakirja classifies many but not all three-syllable words with this suffix as type 2 (palvelu) despite the fact that the forms ending in -stoiden/-stoitten and -stoita are rarely used in practice.
| Inflection of -sto (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
|
| nominative
|
-sto
|
-stot
|
| genitive
|
-ston
|
-stojen
|
| partitive
|
-stoa
|
-stoja
|
| illative
|
-stoon
|
-stoihin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-sto
|
-stot
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-sto
|
-stot
|
| gen.
|
-ston
|
| genitive
|
-ston
|
-stojen
|
| partitive
|
-stoa
|
-stoja
|
| inessive
|
-stossa
|
-stoissa
|
| elative
|
-stosta
|
-stoista
|
| illative
|
-stoon
|
-stoihin
|
| adessive
|
-stolla
|
-stoilla
|
| ablative
|
-stolta
|
-stoilta
|
| allative
|
-stolle
|
-stoille
|
| essive
|
-stona
|
-stoina
|
| translative
|
-stoksi
|
-stoiksi
|
| abessive
|
-stotta
|
-stoitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
-stoin
|
| comitative
|
See the possessive forms below.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stoni
|
-stoni
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stoni
|
-stoni
|
| gen.
|
-stoni
|
| genitive
|
-stoni
|
-stojeni
|
| partitive
|
-stoani
|
-stojani
|
| inessive
|
-stossani
|
-stoissani
|
| elative
|
-stostani
|
-stoistani
|
| illative
|
-stooni
|
-stoihini
|
| adessive
|
-stollani
|
-stoillani
|
| ablative
|
-stoltani
|
-stoiltani
|
| allative
|
-stolleni
|
-stoilleni
|
| essive
|
-stonani
|
-stoinani
|
| translative
|
-stokseni
|
-stoikseni
|
| abessive
|
-stottani
|
-stoittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stosi
|
-stosi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stosi
|
-stosi
|
| gen.
|
-stosi
|
| genitive
|
-stosi
|
-stojesi
|
| partitive
|
-stoasi
|
-stojasi
|
| inessive
|
-stossasi
|
-stoissasi
|
| elative
|
-stostasi
|
-stoistasi
|
| illative
|
-stoosi
|
-stoihisi
|
| adessive
|
-stollasi
|
-stoillasi
|
| ablative
|
-stoltasi
|
-stoiltasi
|
| allative
|
-stollesi
|
-stoillesi
|
| essive
|
-stonasi
|
-stoinasi
|
| translative
|
-stoksesi
|
-stoiksesi
|
| abessive
|
-stottasi
|
-stoittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoinesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stomme
|
-stomme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stomme
|
-stomme
|
| gen.
|
-stomme
|
| genitive
|
-stomme
|
-stojemme
|
| partitive
|
-stoamme
|
-stojamme
|
| inessive
|
-stossamme
|
-stoissamme
|
| elative
|
-stostamme
|
-stoistamme
|
| illative
|
-stoomme
|
-stoihimme
|
| adessive
|
-stollamme
|
-stoillamme
|
| ablative
|
-stoltamme
|
-stoiltamme
|
| allative
|
-stollemme
|
-stoillemme
|
| essive
|
-stonamme
|
-stoinamme
|
| translative
|
-stoksemme
|
-stoiksemme
|
| abessive
|
-stottamme
|
-stoittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoinemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stonne
|
-stonne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stonne
|
-stonne
|
| gen.
|
-stonne
|
| genitive
|
-stonne
|
-stojenne
|
| partitive
|
-stoanne
|
-stojanne
|
| inessive
|
-stossanne
|
-stoissanne
|
| elative
|
-stostanne
|
-stoistanne
|
| illative
|
-stoonne
|
-stoihinne
|
| adessive
|
-stollanne
|
-stoillanne
|
| ablative
|
-stoltanne
|
-stoiltanne
|
| allative
|
-stollenne
|
-stoillenne
|
| essive
|
-stonanne
|
-stoinanne
|
| translative
|
-stoksenne
|
-stoiksenne
|
| abessive
|
-stottanne
|
-stoittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoinenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stonsa
|
-stonsa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stonsa
|
-stonsa
|
| gen.
|
-stonsa
|
| genitive
|
-stonsa
|
-stojensa
|
| partitive
|
-stoaan
-stoansa
|
-stojaan
-stojansa
|
| inessive
|
-stossaan
-stossansa
|
-stoissaan
-stoissansa
|
| elative
|
-stostaan
-stostansa
|
-stoistaan
-stoistansa
|
| illative
|
-stoonsa
|
-stoihinsa
|
| adessive
|
-stollaan
-stollansa
|
-stoillaan
-stoillansa
|
| ablative
|
-stoltaan
-stoltansa
|
-stoiltaan
-stoiltansa
|
| allative
|
-stolleen
-stollensa
|
-stoilleen
-stoillensa
|
| essive
|
-stonaan
-stonansa
|
-stoinaan
-stoinansa
|
| translative
|
-stokseen
-stoksensa
|
-stoikseen
-stoiksensa
|
| abessive
|
-stottaan
-stottansa
|
-stoittaan
-stoittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoineen
-stoinensa
|
|
| Inflection of -sto (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation)
|
| nominative
|
-sto
|
-stot
|
| genitive
|
-ston
|
-stojen
-stoiden
-stoitten
|
| partitive
|
-stoa
|
-stoja
-stoita
|
| illative
|
-stoon
|
-stoihin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-sto
|
-stot
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-sto
|
-stot
|
| gen.
|
-ston
|
| genitive
|
-ston
|
-stojen
-stoiden
-stoitten
|
| partitive
|
-stoa
|
-stoja
-stoita
|
| inessive
|
-stossa
|
-stoissa
|
| elative
|
-stosta
|
-stoista
|
| illative
|
-stoon
|
-stoihin
|
| adessive
|
-stolla
|
-stoilla
|
| ablative
|
-stolta
|
-stoilta
|
| allative
|
-stolle
|
-stoille
|
| essive
|
-stona
|
-stoina
|
| translative
|
-stoksi
|
-stoiksi
|
| abessive
|
-stotta
|
-stoitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
-stoin
|
| comitative
|
See the possessive forms below.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stoni
|
-stoni
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stoni
|
-stoni
|
| gen.
|
-stoni
|
| genitive
|
-stoni
|
-stojeni
-stoideni
-stoitteni
|
| partitive
|
-stoani
|
-stojani
-stoitani
|
| inessive
|
-stossani
|
-stoissani
|
| elative
|
-stostani
|
-stoistani
|
| illative
|
-stooni
|
-stoihini
|
| adessive
|
-stollani
|
-stoillani
|
| ablative
|
-stoltani
|
-stoiltani
|
| allative
|
-stolleni
|
-stoilleni
|
| essive
|
-stonani
|
-stoinani
|
| translative
|
-stokseni
|
-stoikseni
|
| abessive
|
-stottani
|
-stoittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stosi
|
-stosi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stosi
|
-stosi
|
| gen.
|
-stosi
|
| genitive
|
-stosi
|
-stojesi
-stoidesi
-stoittesi
|
| partitive
|
-stoasi
|
-stojasi
-stoitasi
|
| inessive
|
-stossasi
|
-stoissasi
|
| elative
|
-stostasi
|
-stoistasi
|
| illative
|
-stoosi
|
-stoihisi
|
| adessive
|
-stollasi
|
-stoillasi
|
| ablative
|
-stoltasi
|
-stoiltasi
|
| allative
|
-stollesi
|
-stoillesi
|
| essive
|
-stonasi
|
-stoinasi
|
| translative
|
-stoksesi
|
-stoiksesi
|
| abessive
|
-stottasi
|
-stoittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoinesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stomme
|
-stomme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stomme
|
-stomme
|
| gen.
|
-stomme
|
| genitive
|
-stomme
|
-stojemme
-stoidemme
-stoittemme
|
| partitive
|
-stoamme
|
-stojamme
-stoitamme
|
| inessive
|
-stossamme
|
-stoissamme
|
| elative
|
-stostamme
|
-stoistamme
|
| illative
|
-stoomme
|
-stoihimme
|
| adessive
|
-stollamme
|
-stoillamme
|
| ablative
|
-stoltamme
|
-stoiltamme
|
| allative
|
-stollemme
|
-stoillemme
|
| essive
|
-stonamme
|
-stoinamme
|
| translative
|
-stoksemme
|
-stoiksemme
|
| abessive
|
-stottamme
|
-stoittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoinemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stonne
|
-stonne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stonne
|
-stonne
|
| gen.
|
-stonne
|
| genitive
|
-stonne
|
-stojenne
-stoidenne
-stoittenne
|
| partitive
|
-stoanne
|
-stojanne
-stoitanne
|
| inessive
|
-stossanne
|
-stoissanne
|
| elative
|
-stostanne
|
-stoistanne
|
| illative
|
-stoonne
|
-stoihinne
|
| adessive
|
-stollanne
|
-stoillanne
|
| ablative
|
-stoltanne
|
-stoiltanne
|
| allative
|
-stollenne
|
-stoillenne
|
| essive
|
-stonanne
|
-stoinanne
|
| translative
|
-stoksenne
|
-stoiksenne
|
| abessive
|
-stottanne
|
-stoittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoinenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-stonsa
|
-stonsa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
-stonsa
|
-stonsa
|
| gen.
|
-stonsa
|
| genitive
|
-stonsa
|
-stojensa
-stoidensa
-stoittensa
|
| partitive
|
-stoaan
-stoansa
|
-stojaan
-stoitaan
-stojansa
-stoitansa
|
| inessive
|
-stossaan
-stossansa
|
-stoissaan
-stoissansa
|
| elative
|
-stostaan
-stostansa
|
-stoistaan
-stoistansa
|
| illative
|
-stoonsa
|
-stoihinsa
|
| adessive
|
-stollaan
-stollansa
|
-stoillaan
-stoillansa
|
| ablative
|
-stoltaan
-stoltansa
|
-stoiltaan
-stoiltansa
|
| allative
|
-stolleen
-stollensa
|
-stoilleen
-stoillensa
|
| essive
|
-stonaan
-stonansa
|
-stoinaan
-stoinansa
|
| translative
|
-stokseen
-stoksensa
|
-stoikseen
-stoiksensa
|
| abessive
|
-stottaan
-stottansa
|
-stoittaan
-stoittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
-stoineen
-stoinensa
|
|
Derived terms
Finnish terms suffixed with -sto
Ingrian
Etymology
Akin to Finnish -sto.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-sto (front vowel variant -stö)
- Used to form collective nouns.
- noori (“young”) + -sto → nooristo (“youth”)
Declension
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
-sto
|
-ssot
|
| genitive
|
-sson
|
-stoin, -stoloin
|
| partitive
|
-stoa
|
-stoja, -stoloja
|
| illative
|
-stoo
|
-stoi, -stoloihe
|
| inessive
|
-ssos
|
-ssois, -stolois
|
| elative
|
-ssost
|
-ssoist, -stoloist
|
| allative
|
-ssolle
|
-ssoille, -stoloille
|
| adessive
|
-ssol
|
-ssoil, -stoloil
|
| ablative
|
-ssolt
|
-ssoilt, -stoloilt
|
| translative
|
-ssoks
|
-ssoiks, -stoloiks
|
| essive
|
-stonna, -stoon
|
-stoinna, -stoloinna, -stoin, -stoloin
|
| exessive1)
|
-stont
|
-stoint, -stoloint
|
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.
|
Derived terms
Ingrian terms suffixed with -sto