Orcinus

Wikispecies

New Latin, from orca (kind of whale) +‎ -inus.

Orcinus m

1. A taxonomic genus within the family Delphinidae – the orca.

• the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) (1999). International Code on Zoological Nomenclature (4 ed.). The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature. →ISBN. Article 30.1.1

From Orcus (the underworld) +‎ -īnus (adjective forming suffix). The Roman senator sense was used satirically to refer to senators placed into power by a decree written by Julius Caesar but only read by Mark Antony after the former's death. The joke referred to the fact that these politicians only rose to power through the will of a dead man, someone who belongs to the underworld.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɔrˈkiː.nʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [orˈt͡ʃiː.nus]

Orcīnus (feminine Orcīna, neuter Orcīnum); first/second-declension adjective

1. (Roman mythology) of or pertaining to the underworld in Roman mythology
2. (politics, historical) Roman senators who had been granted their position of authority by a document, supposedly written by Julius Caesar, that had only been publicized by Mark Antony after the dictator's death
   • c. 69 CE – 122 CE, Suetonius, De Vita Caesarum 2 35.period1:

     Erant enim super mille, et quidam indignissimi et post necem Caesaris per gratiam et praemium adlecti, quos orcinos vulgus vocabat

     There were now more than a thousand certainly unworthy senators chosen after the killing of Caesar through corruption and bribery who the common folk were calling "Orcini."

3. (historical) Ancient Roman freedmen who had been set free by the last testament of their masters
   • Digesta, 26 4.3:

     In qua specie incipit tutela ad liberos patroni primos pertinere, quae ad patronos non pertinuit: quod quidem in omnibus Orcinis libertis locum habet testamento manumissis.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

First/second-declension adjective.

• Orcīvus

• orcīniānus

• Ancient Greek: Χαρωνῖται (Kharōnîtai)

• “Orcinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Orcinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.