Reconstruction:Latin/tirare

This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Etymology

Uncertain. Only attested in the Romance languages. Joan Coromines viewed this word as “one of the obscurest matters in neo-Latin etymology, so much so as to be considered insoluble”.^[1] Among the proposed etyma are:

Proto-Germanic *teraną, *tir- (“to tear, snatch, tug”).
Vulgar Latin *(mar)tyrāre, from Ancient Greek μάρτυς (mártus).^[2]
Ancient Greek τείρω (teírō, “to wear out; rub”).^[3]
Vulgar Latin *trare (“drag”), from Latin trahere (or simply the latter).^[4]
Old Persian *tīr (“arrow”); cf. modern Persian (tir).^[5]

The first etymology is the most likely.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tiˈrare/

Verb

*tīrāre (Proto-Italo-Western-Romance)

to pull, draw
to throw, shoot

Descendants

Italo-Dalmatian:
- Italian: tirare
- Neapolitan: tirare
- Sicilian: tirari
- Venetan: tirar
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: tirâ
Gallo-Italic:
- Lombard: tirà
- Piedmontese: tiré
Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: tirar
- Occitan: tirar
- Old French: tirer (see there for further descendants)
Ibero-Romance:
- Asturian: tirar
- Galician: tirar
- Portuguese: tirar
- Spanish: tirar
Borrowings:
- → Basque: tiratu

References

^ Cortelazzo and Zolli.
^ Cortelazzo and Zolli, citing G. Serra; Petit Robert.
^ Cortelazzo and Zolli, citing Battisti and Alessio, DEI.
^ Cortelazzo and Zolli, citing several authorities.
^ Edward A. Roberts. The second of the two meanings is primary in Spanish; the first in French and Italian

[1] Cortelazzo and Zolli.

[2] Cortelazzo and Zolli, citing G. Serra; Petit Robert.

[3] Cortelazzo and Zolli, citing Battisti and Alessio, DEI.

[4] Cortelazzo and Zolli, citing several authorities.

[5] Edward A. Roberts. The second of the two meanings is primary in Spanish; the first in French and Italian

[1]

[2]

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