|
|
This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥Hg-yé-ti, from *bʰreHg- (“to stink, flatulate”).
Verb
*bragyeti
- to fart, flatulate
Inflection
The subjunctive stem is unknown due to the laryngeal of its etymon being unknown and the subjunctive of this verb being unattested in Goidelic.
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*bragyū
|
*bragyemam
|
*bibraxsū
|
*bebrāga
|
| 2nd singular
|
*bragyesi
|
*bragyetās
|
*bibraxsesi
|
*bebrāgas?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*bragyeti
|
*bragyeto
|
*bibraxseti
|
*bebrāge
|
| 1st plural
|
*bragyomosi
|
*bragyemo
|
*bibraxsomosi
|
*bebrāgmo
|
| 2nd plural
|
*bragyetesi
|
*bragyestē
|
*bibraxsetesi
|
*bebrāxte
|
| 3rd plural
|
*bragyonti
|
*bragyento
|
*bibraxsonti
|
*bebrāgars
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
?
|
?
|
*bragye
|
| 3rd singular
|
?
|
?
|
*bragyetou
|
| 1st plural
|
?
|
?
|
*bragyomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
?
|
?
|
*bragyete
|
| 3rd plural
|
?
|
?
|
*bragyontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*bragyūr
|
—
|
*bibraxsūr
|
*bebrāgra
|
| 2nd singular
|
*bragyetar
|
—
|
*bibraxsetar
|
*bebrāgras?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*bragyetor
|
?
|
*bibraxsetor
|
*bebrāgre
|
| 1st plural
|
*bragyommor
|
—
|
*bibraxsommor
|
?
|
| 2nd plural
|
*bragyedwe
|
—
|
*bibraxsedwe
|
?
|
| 3rd plural
|
*bragyontor
|
?
|
*bibraxsontor
|
?
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*bragyonts
|
*bragyonte
|
*bragyontes
|
| vocative
|
*bragyonts
|
*bragyonte
|
*bragyontes
|
| accusative
|
*bragyontam
|
*bragyonte
|
*bragyontans
|
| genitive
|
*bragyantos
|
*?
|
*bragyantom
|
| dative
|
*bragyantei
|
*bragyantbom
|
*bragyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*bragyantī?
|
*bragyantbim
|
*bragyantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*bragyantī
|
*bragyantī
|
*bragyantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*bragyantī
|
*bragyantī
|
*bragyantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*bragyantīm
|
*bragyantī
|
*bragyantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*bragyantyās
|
*?
|
*bragyantyom
|
| dative
|
*bragyantyāi
|
*bragyantyābom
|
*bragyantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*bragyantyābim
|
*bragyantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*bragyont
|
*?
|
*bragyonta
|
| vocative
|
*bragyont
|
*?
|
*bragyonta
|
| accusative
|
*bragyont
|
*?
|
*bragyonta
|
| genitive
|
*bragyantos
|
*?
|
*bragyantom
|
| dative
|
*bragyantei
|
*?
|
*bragyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*bragyantī?
|
*?
|
*bragyantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*bragyomnos
|
*bragyomnou
|
*bragyomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*bragyomne
|
*bragyomnou
|
*bragyomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*bragyomnom
|
*bragyomnou
|
*bragyomnons
|
| genitive
|
*bragyomnī
|
*bragyomnous
|
*bragyomnom
|
| dative
|
*bragyomnūi
|
*bragyomnobom
|
*bragyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*bragyomnū
|
*bragyomnobim
|
*bragyomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*bragyomnā
|
*bragyomnai
|
*bragyomnās
|
| vocative
|
*bragyomnā
|
*bragyomnai
|
*bragyomnās
|
| accusative
|
*bragyomnam
|
*bragyomnai
|
*bragyomnans
|
| genitive
|
*bragyomnās
|
*bragyomnous
|
*bragyomnom
|
| dative
|
*bragyomnai
|
*bragyomnābom
|
*bragyomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*bragyomnābim
|
*bragyomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*bragyomnom
|
*bragyomnou
|
*bragyomnā
|
| vocative
|
*bragyomnom
|
*bragyomnou
|
*bragyomnā
|
| accusative
|
*bragyomnom
|
*bragyomnou
|
*bragyomnā
|
| genitive
|
*bragyomnī
|
*bragyomnous
|
*bragyomnom
|
| dative
|
*bragyomnūi
|
*bragyomnobom
|
*bragyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*bragyomnū
|
*bragyomnobim
|
*bragyomnobis
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*braxtos
|
*braxtou
|
*braxtoi
|
| vocative
|
*braxte
|
*braxtou
|
*braxtoi
|
| accusative
|
*braxtom
|
*braxtou
|
*braxtons
|
| genitive
|
*braxtī
|
*braxtous
|
*braxtom
|
| dative
|
*braxtūi
|
*braxtobom
|
*braxtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*braxtū
|
*braxtobim
|
*braxtobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*braxtā
|
*braxtai
|
*braxtās
|
| vocative
|
*braxtā
|
*braxtai
|
*braxtās
|
| accusative
|
*braxtam
|
*braxtai
|
*braxtans
|
| genitive
|
*braxtās
|
*braxtous
|
*braxtom
|
| dative
|
*braxtai
|
*braxtābom
|
*braxtābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*braxtābim
|
*braxtābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*braxtom
|
*braxtou
|
*braxtā
|
| vocative
|
*braxtom
|
*braxtou
|
*braxtā
|
| accusative
|
*braxtom
|
*braxtou
|
*braxtā
|
| genitive
|
*braxtī
|
*braxtous
|
*braxtom
|
| dative
|
*braxtūi
|
*braxtobom
|
*braxtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*braxtū
|
*braxtobim
|
*braxtobis
|
Descendants
- Old Irish: braigid
- Gaulish: *bragiū
- → Vulgar Latin: *bragiō (see there for further descendants)