Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gulb-

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Unknown; possibly a substrate word.[1]

Noun

*gulb- f

  1. beak

Reconstruction notes

  • The Welsh, Irish, and Gaulish-derived Latin forms cannot all be reconciled under one proto-form.
    • Stüber's n-stem reconstruction *gulbū can unite the Irish with the Welsh, while assuming the n-stem inflection in Old Irish to be original,[2] but it still cannot account for the Gaulish.
    • GPC's *gulbyom[3] can also unite the Irish with the Welsh if the n-stem in Irish is presumed secondary. It still has a gender mismatch with the Gallo-Latin word.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *gülβ m
    • Old Welsh: gilb
      • Middle Welsh: gylyf
    • →⇒ Latin: Regulbium
      • → Old English: Raculf, Raculfceastre
  • Middle Irish: gulba
    • Classical Gaelic: gulba
  • Gaulish: *gulbiā

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gulbV-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 168-169
  2. ^ Stüber, Karin (1998) The Historical Morphology of n-Stems in Celtic (Maynooth studies in Celtic linguistics; III), Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, →ISBN, page 110
  3. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gylf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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