Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/krokeno-
See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/krokkenom
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
Unknown; any etymology for this is highly speculative. Possible (mutually exclusive) comparanda include:[1]
- Proto-Germanic *hreganą (“to jut out”)
- Proto-Germanic *hrugnaz (“roe”) (ruled "less likely" by Stifter)
- Proto-Celtic *karrikā (“stone”), whence Welsh carreg (ruled "less likely" by Stifter)
Noun
*krokeno- gender unattested
Inflection
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *krokenos | *krokenou | *krokenoi |
| vocative | *krokene | *krokenou | *krokenoi |
| accusative | *krokenom | *krokenou | *krokenons |
| genitive | *krokenī | *krokenous | *krokenom |
| dative | *krokenūi | *krokenobom | *krokenobos |
| locative | *krokenei | *? | *? |
| instrumental | *krokenū | *krokenobim | *krokenūis |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *krokenom | *krokenou | *krokenā |
| vocative | *krokenom | *krokenou | *krokenā |
| accusative | *krokenom | *krokenou | *krokenā |
| genitive | *krokenī | *krokenous | *krokenom |
| dative | *krokenūi | *krokenobom | *krokenobos |
| locative | *krokenei | *? | *? |
| instrumental | *krokenū | *krokenobim | *krokenūis |
Reconstruction notes
- The word is only attested in languages that lost the neuter gender, making it impossible to determine the original gender between masculine or neuter.
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *krogen
- Goidelic:
- Scottish Gaelic: creachann (“scallop”)
References
- ^ Stifter, David (2023) “With the Back to the Ocean: The Celtic Maritime Vocabulary”, in Kristian Kristiansen, Guus Kroonen, Eske Willerslev, editors, The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited: Integrating Archaeology, Genetics, and Linguistics, Cambridge University Press, pages 172–192