Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kulis

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Often compared to Latin culex. Pokorny, followed by Schrijver and Zair, connect the terms to Sanskrit शूल (śūla, “stake”).[1] Matasović is not confident in this connection.[2]

Noun

*kulis f

  1. fly, gnat

Inflection

Masculine/feminine i-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *kulis *kulī *kulīs
vocative *kuli *kulī *kulīs
accusative *kulim *kulī *kulins
genitive *kuleis *kulyow *kulyom
dative *kulei *kulibom *kulibos
locative *kulei *? *?
instrumental *kulī *kulibim *kulibis

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *küljon (pluralized)
    • Middle Breton: quelyen
      • Breton: kelien
    • Cornish: kelyon
    • Middle Welsh: kylyon
  • Old Irish: cuil
  • ⇒ Primitive Irish: ᚉᚒᚂᚔᚇᚑᚃᚔ (culidovi)

References

  1. ^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 137
  2. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kuli-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 229
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