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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure; give advice”)
Verb
*medyetor[1]
- to judge, measure
Declension
| Thematic present, deponent
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*medyūr
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*medyetar
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*medyetor
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*medyommor
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*medyedwe
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*medyontor
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*medyonts
|
*medyonte
|
*medyontes
|
| vocative
|
*medyonts
|
*medyonte
|
*medyontes
|
| accusative
|
*medyontam
|
*medyonte
|
*medyontans
|
| genitive
|
*medyantos
|
*?
|
*medyantom
|
| dative
|
*medyantei
|
*medyantbom
|
*medyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*medyantī?
|
*medyantbim
|
*medyantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*medyantī
|
*medyantī
|
*medyantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*medyantī
|
*medyantī
|
*medyantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*medyantīm
|
*medyantī
|
*medyantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*medyantyās
|
*?
|
*medyantyom
|
| dative
|
*medyantyāi
|
*medyantyābom
|
*medyantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*medyantyābim
|
*medyantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*medyont
|
*?
|
*medyonta
|
| vocative
|
*medyont
|
*?
|
*medyonta
|
| accusative
|
*medyont
|
*?
|
*medyonta
|
| genitive
|
*medyantos
|
*?
|
*medyantom
|
| dative
|
*medyantei
|
*?
|
*medyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*medyantī?
|
*?
|
*medyantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*medyomnos
|
*medyomnou
|
*medyomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*medyomne
|
*medyomnou
|
*medyomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*medyomnom
|
*medyomnou
|
*medyomnons
|
| genitive
|
*medyomnī
|
*medyomnous
|
*medyomnom
|
| dative
|
*medyomnūi
|
*medyomnobom
|
*medyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*medyomnū
|
*medyomnobim
|
*medyomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*medyomnā
|
*medyomnai
|
*medyomnās
|
| vocative
|
*medyomnā
|
*medyomnai
|
*medyomnās
|
| accusative
|
*medyomnam
|
*medyomnai
|
*medyomnans
|
| genitive
|
*medyomnās
|
*medyomnous
|
*medyomnom
|
| dative
|
*medyomnai
|
*medyomnābom
|
*medyomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*medyomnābim
|
*medyomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*medyomnom
|
*medyomnou
|
*medyomnā
|
| vocative
|
*medyomnom
|
*medyomnou
|
*medyomnā
|
| accusative
|
*medyomnom
|
*medyomnou
|
*medyomnā
|
| genitive
|
*medyomnī
|
*medyomnous
|
*medyomnom
|
| dative
|
*medyomnūi
|
*medyomnobom
|
*medyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*medyomnū
|
*medyomnobim
|
*medyomnobis
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Descendants
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*med-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 261