Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/yālos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂los (“zeal”). Cognate to Ancient Greek ζῆλος (zêlos) and Serbo-Croatian jal (“envy, malice”).[1]

Noun

*yālos m

  1. desire
  2. prayer, worship

Inflection

There is no trace of masculine o-stem inflection in any of the descendants. Matasović may have assumed it was in Proto-Celtic due to its cognates in Greek and Slavic.

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *yālos *yālou *yāloi
vocative *yāle *yālou *yāloi
accusative *yālom *yālou *yālons
genitive *yālī *yālous *yālom
dative *yālūi *yālobom *yālobos
locative *yālei *? *?
instrumental *yālū *yālobim *yālūis

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *yọl
    • Middle Welsh: iawl
      • Welsh: iawl
  • Old Irish: áil

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*yālo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 433
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