Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ici-

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Alternative forms

  • *-isi-

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *-ńće-j, *-nśe-j; derived from the same ending as in *-istak (stem *-isë-; the *c(c) ~ *s variation is also seen with the diminutive suffix *-ic(c)ë-, see it for more). Cognate with Proto-Samic *-ńćë- (potential mood marker). Specifically, the suffix likely originally derives from the past tense forms of such *-isë- verbs. The suffix, originally frequentative, could have also been used to describe nonfactual future actions, which would have motivated the development of their past tenses into a conditional mood suffix.[1]

Infix

*-ici-

  1. Conditional mood marker.
    Synonym: *-kci-

Usage notes

Some, such as Kallio (2014, following Itkonen (1983)),[2] theorize that *-ici- was originally a "subjunctive mood" marker which replaced the original conditional marker *-kci-, exclusively or primarily in Northern Finnic.

Descendants

  • Finnish: -isi-
  • Ingrian: -isi-; -isi-, -is
  • Karelian:
  • Livvi: -izi-, -is
  • Ludian: -iži-, -iž
  • Veps: -iži-
  • Votic: -izi-, -iz', ⇒ (dialectal) -issi- (< *-ikci-, *-iksi-, combining the two conditional suffixes)

References

  1. ^ Lehtinen, Tapani. Suomen konditionaalin morfologisesta ja semanttisesta motivaatiosta. Virittäjä 4/1983.
  2. ^ Kallio, Petri: The Diversification of Proto-Finnic Joonas Ahola & Frog (eds.), Fibula, Fabula, Fact: The Viking Age in Finland, pp. 155-168. Studia Fennica Historica 18 (2014)[1]. p. 162
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