Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/cika
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From earlier *tika, as a part of the old layer of agricultural terminology in the more western Uralic languages whose origin remains unclear. Generally considered to be related at least to the Proto-Mordvinic *tuvə (“pig”), although the sound correspondences are not entirely regular. According to Koivulehto, the word might be a loanword from Proto-West Germanic *tigā (“goat”) (whence German Ziege), but this remains uncertain due to the semantic difference (compare however *lehmä). Another possibility is an old borrowing from Balto-Slavic from the same word whence Proto-Slavic *dikъ (“wild animal, especially a wild boar”), in which case the word would be cognate with Polish dzik (“wild boar”) and possibly Laconian Ancient Greek σίκα (síka, “pig”).
Noun
*cika[1]
Inflection
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *cika | *cigat | |
| accusative | *cigan | *cigat | |
| genitive | *cigan | *cikadën *cikoidën | |
| partitive | *cikada | *cikoida | |
| inessive | *cigassa *cigahna |
*cigoissa *cigoihna | |
| elative | *cigasta | *cigoista | |
| illative | *cikahën | *cikoihën | |
| adessive | *cigalla | *cigoilla | |
| ablative | *cigalta | *cigoilta | |
| allative | *cikalën *cikalëk |
*cikoilën *cikoilëk | |
| essive | *cikana | *cikoina | |
| translative | *cigaksi | *cigoiksi | |
| instructive | *cigan | *cigoin | |
| comitative | *cikanëk | *cikoinëk | |
| abessive | *cigatta | *cigoitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: siga
- Finnish: sika
- Ingrian: sika
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: šika
- South Karelian: šiga
- Livonian: sigā
- Livvi: siga
- Ludian: šiga
- Veps: siga
- Võro: tsiga
- Votic: sika
- → Inari Sami: šahe
- → Skolt Sami: šââ´ǩǩ
- → Kildin Sami: шагкь (šagk’)
- → Ter Sami: šâkke
- → Russian: (dialectal) сика (sika), жижка (žižka)