Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kakara
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
According to Aikio (2024), from Proto-Finno-Permic [Term?] (whence also derived Erzya [script needed] (kavoŕks), Moksha [script needed] (kavǝŕks), [script needed] (kavǝrks, “lump, clod (of earth, etc.)”)).[1]
Noun
*kakara
Inflection
Inflection of *kakara
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kakara | *kakarat | |
| accusative | *kakaran | *kakarat | |
| genitive | *kakaran | *kakaradën *kakaroidën | |
| partitive | *kakarata | *kakaroita | |
| inessive | *kakarassa *kakarahna |
*kakaroissa *kakaroihna | |
| elative | *kakarasta | *kakaroista | |
| illative | *kakarasën | *kakaroisën | |
| adessive | *kakaralla | *kakaroilla | |
| ablative | *kakaralta | *kakaroilta | |
| allative | *kakaralën *kakaralëk |
*kakaroilën *kakaroilëk | |
| essive | *kakarana | *kakaroina | |
| translative | *kakaraksi | *kakaroiksi | |
| instructive | *kakaran | *kakaroin | |
| comitative | *kakaranëk | *kakaroinëk | |
| abessive | *kakaratta | *kakaroitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: kägar
- Finnish: kakara
- Ingrian: kakara
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: kakara
- South Karelian: kagara
- Livvi: kagaru, ⇒ kagareh
- Ludian: ⇒ kakark
- → Proto-Samic: *kākēr (see there for further descendants)
Further reading
- “kägar”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kakara”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN