Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kastudak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Verb
*kastudak (stem *kastu-)
- to get wet
Inflection
Inflection of *kastudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *kastun | *kastuin | — | *kastugon |
| 2nd sing. | *kastut | *kastuit | *kastuk | *kastugos |
| 3rd sing. | *kastubi *kastu |
*kastui | *kastugasën | *kastugosën |
| 1st plur. | *kastukmëk *kastukmak |
*kastuimëk *kastuimak |
*kastugatëmëk *kastugatamak |
*kastugotëmëk *kastugotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *kastuktëk *kastuktak |
*kastuidëk *kastuidak |
*kastugatë *kastugata |
*kastugot'ëk *kastugotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *kastubat *kastu |
*kastui | *kastugasën | *kastugosën |
| passive | *kastuksën *kastut'aksën |
*kastudisën *kastuttisën |
*kastudakahën *kastuttakahën |
*kastudakohën *kastuttakohën |
| connegative | *kastuk | — | *kastugak | *kastugok |
| passive connegative | *kastuktak | — | *kastudagak *kastuttagak |
*kastudagok *kastuttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *kastukcin | *kastuicin | *kastunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *kastukcit | *kastuicit | *kastunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *kastukci | *kastuici | *kastuni | |
| 1st plur. | *kastukcimëk *kastukcimak |
*kastuicimëk *kastuicimak |
*kastunëmëk *kastunëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *kastukcidëk *kastukcidak |
*kastuicidëk *kastuicidak |
*kastunëdëk *kastunëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *kastukci | *kastuici | *kastuni | |
| passive | *kastudakcihën *kastut'akcihën |
*kastudicihën *kastutticihën |
*kastudanëhën *kastuttanëhën | |
| connegative | *kastukcik | *kastuicik | *kastunëk | |
| passive connegative | *kastudakcik *kastut'akcik |
*kastudicik *kastutticik |
*kastudanëk *kastuttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *kastudak | present | *kastuba | *kastudapa *kastuttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *kastudë- | past | *kastunut | *kastudu *kastuttu |
| gerund/supine | *kastuma | |||
| action noun | *kastuminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: (dialectal) kastuma/kastuda
- Finnish: kastua
- Ingrian: kastua
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: kastuo
- South Karelian: kastuo
- Livvi: kastuo
- Ludian: kastuda
- Veps: kastuda
- Votic: kassua
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kastaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN