Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kiljudak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Onomatopoeic.
Verb
*kiljudak (stem *kilju-)
Inflection
Inflection of *kiljudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *kiljun | *kiljuin | — | *kiljugon |
| 2nd sing. | *kiljut | *kiljuit | *kiljuk | *kiljugos |
| 3rd sing. | *kiljubi *kilju |
*kiljui | *kiljugasën | *kiljugosën |
| 1st plur. | *kiljukmëk *kiljukmak |
*kiljuimëk *kiljuimak |
*kiljugatëmëk *kiljugatamak |
*kiljugotëmëk *kiljugotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *kiljuktëk *kiljuktak |
*kiljuidëk *kiljuidak |
*kiljugatë *kiljugata |
*kiljugot'ëk *kiljugotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *kiljubat *kilju |
*kiljui | *kiljugasën | *kiljugosën |
| passive | *kiljuksën *kiljut'aksën |
*kiljudisën *kiljuttisën |
*kiljudakahën *kiljuttakahën |
*kiljudakohën *kiljuttakohën |
| connegative | *kiljuk | — | *kiljugak | *kiljugok |
| passive connegative | *kiljuktak | — | *kiljudagak *kiljuttagak |
*kiljudagok *kiljuttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *kiljukcin | *kiljuicin | *kiljunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *kiljukcit | *kiljuicit | *kiljunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *kiljukci | *kiljuici | *kiljuni | |
| 1st plur. | *kiljukcimëk *kiljukcimak |
*kiljuicimëk *kiljuicimak |
*kiljunëmëk *kiljunëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *kiljukcidëk *kiljukcidak |
*kiljuicidëk *kiljuicidak |
*kiljunëdëk *kiljunëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *kiljukci | *kiljuici | *kiljuni | |
| passive | *kiljudakcihën *kiljut'akcihën |
*kiljudicihën *kiljutticihën |
*kiljudanëhën *kiljuttanëhën | |
| connegative | *kiljukcik | *kiljuicik | *kiljunëk | |
| passive connegative | *kiljudakcik *kiljut'akcik |
*kiljudicik *kiljutticik |
*kiljudanëk *kiljuttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *kiljudak | present | *kiljuba | *kiljudapa *kiljuttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *kiljudë- | past | *kiljunut | *kiljudu *kiljuttu |
| gerund/supine | *kiljuma | |||
| action noun | *kiljuminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: kiljuma/kiljuda
- Finnish: kiljua
- Ingrian: kiljua
- Karelian: kiljuo, kil’l’uo
- Livvi: kil’l’uo
- ⇒ Votic: tšillahtõlla (Kattila)
- → Proto-Samic: *kiljōtēk
Further reading
- “kiljuma”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012