Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kuivadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Denominal verb of *kuiva.
Verb
*kuivadak (stem *kuiva-)
- to become dry
Inflection
Inflection of *kuivadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *kuivan | *kuivëin | — | *kuivagon |
| 2nd sing. | *kuivat | *kuivëit | *kuivak | *kuivagos |
| 3rd sing. | *kuivabi *kuiva |
*kuivëi | *kuivagasën | *kuivagosën |
| 1st plur. | *kuivakmëk *kuivakmak |
*kuivëimëk *kuivëimak |
*kuivagatëmëk *kuivagatamak |
*kuivagotëmëk *kuivagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *kuivaktëk *kuivaktak |
*kuivëidëk *kuivëidak |
*kuivagatë *kuivagata |
*kuivagot'ëk *kuivagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *kuivabat *kuiva |
*kuivëi | *kuivagasën | *kuivagosën |
| passive | *kuivaksën *kuivat'aksën |
*kuivadisën *kuivattisën |
*kuivadakahën *kuivattakahën |
*kuivadakohën *kuivattakohën |
| connegative | *kuivak | — | *kuivagak | *kuivagok |
| passive connegative | *kuivaktak | — | *kuivadagak *kuivattagak |
*kuivadagok *kuivattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *kuivakcin | *kuivëicin | *kuivanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *kuivakcit | *kuivëicit | *kuivanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *kuivakci | *kuivëici | *kuivani | |
| 1st plur. | *kuivakcimëk *kuivakcimak |
*kuivëicimëk *kuivëicimak |
*kuivanëmëk *kuivanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *kuivakcidëk *kuivakcidak |
*kuivëicidëk *kuivëicidak |
*kuivanëdëk *kuivanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *kuivakci | *kuivëici | *kuivani | |
| passive | *kuivadakcihën *kuivat'akcihën |
*kuivadicihën *kuivatticihën |
*kuivadanëhën *kuivattanëhën | |
| connegative | *kuivakcik | *kuivëicik | *kuivanëk | |
| passive connegative | *kuivadakcik *kuivat'akcik |
*kuivadicik *kuivatticik |
*kuivadanëk *kuivattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *kuivadak | present | *kuivaba | *kuivadapa *kuivattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *kuivadë- | past | *kuivanut | *kuivadu *kuivattu |
| gerund/supine | *kuivama | |||
| action noun | *kuivaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: kuivama/kuivada
- Finnish: kuivaa
- Ingrian: kuivaa
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: kuivoa
- South Karelian: kuivua
- Livonian: kuijõ
- Livvi: kuivua
- Ludian: kuivada
- Veps: kuida
- Võro: kuivama/kuivadaq
- Votic: kuiva
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kuiva”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN