Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/laiva
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
By metathesis from earlier *lawja, in turn borrowed from Proto-Germanic *flawją. Baltic origin has been proposed as well (compare Latvian laiva, Lithuanian lai̇̃vas), but these lack a convincing Indo-European etymology and have been rather considered loans from Finnic.
Noun
*laiva[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *laiva
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *laiva | *laivat | |
| accusative | *laivan | *laivat | |
| genitive | *laivan | *laivadën *laivoidën | |
| partitive | *laivada | *laivoida | |
| inessive | *laivassa *laivahna |
*laivoissa *laivoihna | |
| elative | *laivasta | *laivoista | |
| illative | *laivahën | *laivoihën | |
| adessive | *laivalla | *laivoilla | |
| ablative | *laivalta | *laivoilta | |
| allative | *laivalën *laivalëk |
*laivoilën *laivoilëk | |
| essive | *laivana | *laivoina | |
| translative | *laivaksi | *laivoiksi | |
| instructive | *laivan | *laivoin | |
| comitative | *laivanëk | *laivoinëk | |
| abessive | *laivatta | *laivoitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: laev
- Finnish: laiva
- Ingrian: laiva
- Karelian: laiva
- Livonian: lǭja
- Livvi: laivu
- Veps: laiv
- Võro: laiv
- Votic: laivõ
- → Northern Sami: láivi
- → Proto-Baltic:
See also
References
- “laev”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Koivulehto, Jorma (1970). "Suomen laiva-sanasta" ('On the Finnish word laiva'). Virittäjä 2/74, pp. 178–183.
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN