Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lonk'at'ak

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

According to SSA and EES, of sound-symbolic origin.^[1]^[2]

Verb

*lonk'at'ak (stem *lonkkada-)^[3]

to limp
Synonyms: *konk'at'ak, *limp'at'ak

Inflection

Inflection of *lonk'at'ak

	present	past	imperative	optative
Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
1st sing.	*lonkkadan	*lonkkacin	—	*lonk'atkon
2nd sing.	*lonkkadat	*lonkkacit	*lonkkadak	*lonk'atkos
3rd sing.	lonkkadapi lonk'at	*lonkkaci	*lonk'atkasën	*lonk'atkosën
1st plur.	lonkkadakmëk lonkkadakmak	lonkkacimëk lonkkacimak	lonk'atkatëmëk lonk'atkatamak	lonk'atkotëmëk lonk'atkotamak
2nd plur.	lonkkadaktëk lonkkadaktak	lonkkacidëk lonkkacidak	lonk'atkatë lonk'atkata	lonk'atkot'ëk lonk'atkotadak
3rd plur.	lonkkadabat lonk'at	*lonkkaci	*lonk'atkasën	*lonk'atkosën
passive	lonkkadaksën lonkkadat'aksën	lonk'attisën lonkkadattihën	lonk'attakahën lonkkadattagasën	lonk'attakohën lonkkadattagosën
connegative	*lonkkadak	—	*lonk'atkak	*lonk'atkok
passive connegative	*lonkkadaktak	—	lonk'attagak lonkkadattagak	lonk'attagok lonkkadattagok
	conditional 1	conditional 2	potential
1st sing.	*lonkkadakcin	*lonkkacicin	*lonk'annën
2nd sing.	*lonkkadakcit	*lonkkacicit	*lonk'annët
3rd sing.	*lonkkadakci	*lonkkacici	*lonk'anni
1st plur.	lonkkadakcimëk lonkkadakcimak	lonkkacicimëk lonkkacicimak	lonk'annëmëk lonk'annëmak
2nd plur.	lonkkadakcidëk lonkkadakcidak	lonkkacicidëk lonkkacicidak	lonk'annëdëk lonk'annëdak
3rd plur.	*lonkkadakci	*lonkkacici	*lonk'anni
passive	lonk'at'akcihën lonkkadat'akcisën	lonk'atticihën lonkkadatticisën	lonk'attanëhën lonkkadattanësën
connegative	*lonkkadakcik	*lonkkacicik	*lonk'annëk
passive connegative	lonk'at'akcik lonkkadat'akcik	lonk'atticik lonkkadatticik	lonk'attanëk lonkkadattanëk
non-finite forms	infinitives/nouns		participles
non-finite forms	infinitives/nouns		active	passive
infinitive 1	*lonk'at'ak	present	*lonkkadapa	lonk'attapa lonkkadattaba
infinitive 2	*lonk'attë-	past	*lonk'annut	lonk'attu lonkkadattu
gerund/supine	*lonkkadama
action noun	*lonkkadaminen

Descendants

Estonian: lonkama/longata
Finnish: (dialectal) lonkata, klonkata
Livonian: lonkõ
Votic: lonkõtõ

References

^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “lonkata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
^ “lonkama”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*lonkkada-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎^[2] (in Finnish)

[1] Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “lonkata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

[2] “lonkama”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012

[3] Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*lonkkada-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎^[2] (in Finnish)

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