Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mahtadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *mašta-.
Verb
*mahtadak (stem *mahta-)[1]
- to be able to, can
- Synonym: *voidak
Inflection
Inflection of *mahtadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *mahtan | *mahtoin | — | *mahtagon |
| 2nd sing. | *mahtat | *mahtoit | *mahtak | *mahtagos |
| 3rd sing. | *mahtabi *mahta |
*mahtoi | *mahtagasën | *mahtagosën |
| 1st plur. | *mahtakmëk *mahtakmak |
*mahtoimëk *mahtoimak |
*mahtagatëmëk *mahtagatamak |
*mahtagotëmëk *mahtagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *mahtaktëk *mahtaktak |
*mahtoidëk *mahtoidak |
*mahtagatë *mahtagata |
*mahtagot'ëk *mahtagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *mahtabat *mahta |
*mahtoi | *mahtagasën | *mahtagosën |
| passive | *mahtaksën *mahtat'aksën |
*mahtadisën *mahtattisën |
*mahtadakahën *mahtattakahën |
*mahtadakohën *mahtattakohën |
| connegative | *mahtak | — | *mahtagak | *mahtagok |
| passive connegative | *mahtaktak | — | *mahtadagak *mahtattagak |
*mahtadagok *mahtattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *mahtakcin | *mahtoicin | *mahtanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *mahtakcit | *mahtoicit | *mahtanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *mahtakci | *mahtoici | *mahtani | |
| 1st plur. | *mahtakcimëk *mahtakcimak |
*mahtoicimëk *mahtoicimak |
*mahtanëmëk *mahtanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *mahtakcidëk *mahtakcidak |
*mahtoicidëk *mahtoicidak |
*mahtanëdëk *mahtanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *mahtakci | *mahtoici | *mahtani | |
| passive | *mahtadakcihën *mahtat'akcihën |
*mahtadicihën *mahtatticihën |
*mahtadanëhën *mahtattanëhën | |
| connegative | *mahtakcik | *mahtoicik | *mahtanëk | |
| passive connegative | *mahtadakcik *mahtat'akcik |
*mahtadicik *mahtatticik |
*mahtadanëk *mahtattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *mahtadak | present | *mahtaba | *mahtadapa *mahtattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *mahtadë- | past | *mahtanut | *mahtadu *mahtattu |
| gerund/supine | *mahtama | |||
| action noun | *mahtaminen | |||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Finnish: mahtaa
- Ingrian: mahtaa
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: mahtoa
- South Karelian: mahtoa
- Veps: mahtta
- → Proto-Samic: *māttētēk (see there for further descendants)
References
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “mahtaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN