Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/muli

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Possibly from earlier *mula- +‎ *-i and borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence obsolete Latvian mūle (“hornless cow”) and Samogitian šmulas).[1]

Adjective

*muli[2]

  1. hornless
    Synonym: *nuti

Noun

*muli

  1. hornless cow

Inflection

Inflection of *muli
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *muli *mulit
accusative *mulin *mulit
genitive *mulin *mulidën
*mulëjidën
partitive *mulida *mulëjita
inessive *mulissa
*mulihna 		*mulëjissa
*mulëjihna
elative *mulista *mulëjista
illative *mulihën *mulëjisën
adessive *mulilla *mulëjilla
ablative *mulilta *mulëjilta
allative *mulilën
*mulilëk 		*mulëjilën
*mulëjilëk
essive *mulina *mulëjina
translative *muliksi *mulëjiksi
instructive *mulin *mulëjin
comitative *mulinëk *mulëjinëk
abessive *mulitta *mulëjitta

Descendants

  • Finnish: muli
  • Ingrian: muli
  • Karelian:
    • South Karelian: ⇒ mulʹikki
  • Votic: muli

From *mulu (+ *-u):

  • Karelian:
    • North Karelian: mulʹlʹu
    • South Karelian: mulʹu
  • Livvi: mulʹu
  • Ludian: mulʹu

From compound *muli-pää:

  • Finnish: mulipää
  • Livonian: mūļpǟ
  • Votic: mulipää

Further reading

  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “muli”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

References

  1. ^ Junttila, Santeri. The prehistoric context of the oldest contacts between Baltic and Finnic languages. SUST 266 (2012)
  2. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*muli”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎[1] (in Finnish)
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