Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nurkadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Onomatopoeic
Verb
*nurkadak (stem *nurka-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *nurkadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *nurgan | *nurgëin | — | *nurkagon |
| 2nd sing. | *nurgat | *nurgëit | *nurgak | *nurkagos |
| 3rd sing. | *nurkabi *nurka |
*nurkëi | *nurkagasën | *nurkagosën |
| 1st plur. | *nurgakmëk *nurgakmak |
*nurkëimëk *nurkëimak |
*nurkagatëmëk *nurkagatamak |
*nurkagotëmëk *nurkagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *nurgaktëk *nurgaktak |
*nurkëidëk *nurkëidak |
*nurkagatë *nurkagata |
*nurkagot'ëk *nurkagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *nurkabat *nurka |
*nurkëi | *nurkagasën | *nurkagosën |
| passive | *nurgaksën *nurgat'aksën |
*nurkadisën *nurgattisën |
*nurkadakahën *nurgattakahën |
*nurkadakohën *nurgattakohën |
| connegative | *nurgak | — | *nurkagak | *nurkagok |
| passive connegative | *nurgaktak | — | *nurkadagak *nurgattagak |
*nurkadagok *nurgattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *nurgakcin | *nurkëicin | *nurkanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *nurgakcit | *nurkëicit | *nurkanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *nurgakci | *nurkëici | *nurkani | |
| 1st plur. | *nurgakcimëk *nurgakcimak |
*nurkëicimëk *nurkëicimak |
*nurkanëmëk *nurkanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *nurgakcidëk *nurgakcidak |
*nurkëicidëk *nurkëicidak |
*nurkanëdëk *nurkanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *nurgakci | *nurkëici | *nurkani | |
| passive | *nurkadakcihën *nurgat'akcihën |
*nurkadicihën *nurgatticihën |
*nurkadanëhën *nurgattanëhën | |
| connegative | *nurgakcik | *nurkëicik | *nurkanëk | |
| passive connegative | *nurkadakcik *nurgat'akcik |
*nurkadicik *nurgatticik |
*nurkadanëk *nurgattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *nurkadak | present | *nurkaba | *nurkadapa *nurgattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *nurkadë- | past | *nurkanut | *nurkadu *nurgattu |
| gerund/supine | *nurkama | |||
| action noun | *nurkaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: (dialectal) nurgama/nurgada
- Livonian: nurgõ
- Veps: nurkta
- Võro: nurgama/nurgadaq
From *nurkudak (+ *-udak):
- Finnish: nurkua
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: nurkuo
- South Karelian: nurguo
- Livvi: nurguo
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “nurkua”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN