Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/paistadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unclear. The word is likely a derivative, but two different analyses are possible:
- from a root *paa- continued also in *paatadak (“to stick, esp. burned food in a pot”), *paattadak (“to cover with sticky material”), with the suffix + *-istadak. If this analysis is correct, the root is then likely to be a borrowing from Northwestern Germanic *bāja- (“to heat, warm”) (whence German bähen), from Proto-Germanic *bēaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₁-.
- from a root *pais-, possibly continued also in *paisudak (“to swell”), with the suffix + *-tadak.
- related to Udmurt пиштыны (pištyny, “to shine”).
Verb
*paistadak (stem *paista-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *paistadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *paistan | *paistoin | — | *paistagon |
| 2nd sing. | *paistat | *paistoit | *paistak | *paistagos |
| 3rd sing. | *paistabi *paista |
*paistoi | *paistagasën | *paistagosën |
| 1st plur. | *paistakmëk *paistakmak |
*paistoimëk *paistoimak |
*paistagatëmëk *paistagatamak |
*paistagotëmëk *paistagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *paistaktëk *paistaktak |
*paistoidëk *paistoidak |
*paistagatë *paistagata |
*paistagot'ëk *paistagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *paistabat *paista |
*paistoi | *paistagasën | *paistagosën |
| passive | *paistaksën *paistat'aksën |
*paistadisën *paistattisën |
*paistadakahën *paistattakahën |
*paistadakohën *paistattakohën |
| connegative | *paistak | — | *paistagak | *paistagok |
| passive connegative | *paistaktak | — | *paistadagak *paistattagak |
*paistadagok *paistattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *paistakcin | *paistoicin | *paistanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *paistakcit | *paistoicit | *paistanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *paistakci | *paistoici | *paistani | |
| 1st plur. | *paistakcimëk *paistakcimak |
*paistoicimëk *paistoicimak |
*paistanëmëk *paistanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *paistakcidëk *paistakcidak |
*paistoicidëk *paistoicidak |
*paistanëdëk *paistanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *paistakci | *paistoici | *paistani | |
| passive | *paistadakcihën *paistat'akcihën |
*paistadicihën *paistatticihën |
*paistadanëhën *paistattanëhën | |
| connegative | *paistakcik | *paistoicik | *paistanëk | |
| passive connegative | *paistadakcik *paistat'akcik |
*paistadicik *paistatticik |
*paistadanëk *paistattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *paistadak | present | *paistaba | *paistadapa *paistattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *paistadë- | past | *paistanut | *paistadu *paistattu |
| gerund/supine | *paistama | |||
| action noun | *paistaminen | |||
Derived terms
- *paistëk
- *paisti
- *paistik'as
- *paistudak
Descendants
- Estonian: paistma/paista
- Finnish: paistaa
- Ingrian: paistaa
- Karelian: paistoa
- Livonian: (Courland) paistõ, (Salaca) paist
- Ludian: paštada
- → Livvi: pastua
- Veps: paštta
- Votic: paissa
- → Proto-Samic: *pāštētēk (see there for further descendants)
References
- “paistma”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN