Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pak'ahtadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *pëkka- + *-ahtadak.
Verb
*pak'ahtadak (stem *pak'ahta-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *pak'ahtadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *pak'ahtan | *pak'ahtoin | — | *pak'ahtagon |
| 2nd sing. | *pak'ahtat | *pak'ahtoit | *pak'ahtak | *pak'ahtagos |
| 3rd sing. | *pak'ahtapi *pak'ahta |
*pak'ahtoi | *pak'ahtakahën | *pak'ahtakohën |
| 1st plur. | *pak'ahtakmëk *pak'ahtakmak |
*pak'ahtoimëk *pak'ahtoimak |
*pak'ahtakadëmëk *pak'ahtakadamak |
*pak'ahtakodëmëk *pak'ahtakodamak |
| 2nd plur. | *pak'ahtaktëk *pak'ahtaktak |
*pak'ahtoidëk *pak'ahtoidak |
*pak'ahtakadë *pak'ahtakada |
*pak'ahtagot'ëk *pak'ahtakodadak |
| 3rd plur. | *pak'ahtabat *pak'ahta |
*pak'ahtoi | *pak'ahtakahën | *pak'ahtakohën |
| passive | *pak'ahtaksën *pak'ahtat'aksën |
*pak'ahtatihën *pak'ahtattihën |
*pak'ahtatagasën *pak'ahtattagasën |
*pak'ahtatagosën *pak'ahtattagosën |
| connegative | *pak'ahtak | — | *pak'ahtagak | *pak'ahtagok |
| passive connegative | *pak'ahtaktak | — | *pak'ahtatagak *pak'ahtattagak |
*pak'ahtatagok *pak'ahtattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *pak'ahtakcin | *pak'ahtoicin | *pak'ahtanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *pak'ahtakcit | *pak'ahtoicit | *pak'ahtanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *pak'ahtakci | *pak'ahtoici | *pak'ahtani | |
| 1st plur. | *pak'ahtakcimëk *pak'ahtakcimak |
*pak'ahtoicimëk *pak'ahtoicimak |
*pak'ahtanëmëk *pak'ahtanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *pak'ahtakcidëk *pak'ahtakcidak |
*pak'ahtoicidëk *pak'ahtoicidak |
*pak'ahtanëdëk *pak'ahtanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *pak'ahtakci | *pak'ahtoici | *pak'ahtani | |
| passive | *pak'ahtadakcisën *pak'ahtat'akcisën |
*pak'ahtaticisën *pak'ahtatticisën |
*pak'ahtatanësën *pak'ahtattanësën | |
| connegative | *pak'ahtakcik | *pak'ahtoicik | *pak'ahtanëk | |
| passive connegative | *pak'ahtadakcik *pak'ahtat'akcik |
*pak'ahtaticik *pak'ahtatticik |
*pak'ahtatanëk *pak'ahtattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *pak'ahtadak | present | *pak'ahtapa | *pak'ahtataba *pak'ahtattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *pak'ahtatë- | past | *pak'ahtanut | *pak'ahtatu *pak'ahtattu |
| gerund/supine | *pak'ahtama | |||
| action noun | *pak'ahtaminen | |||
Descendants
From *pak'ahtadak:
- Estonian: pakatama/pakatada
- Finnish: (dialectal) pakahtaa
- Votic: pakahta
From *pak'ahtudak:
- Finnish: pakahtua
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: pakahtuo
From *pak'ëhtudak:
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: pakehtuo
- South Karelian: pakehtuo
- Livvi: pakehtuo
- Ludian: pakehtuda
References
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*pak̆ka-hta-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][1] (in Finnish)
Further reading
- “pakatama”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “pakahtua”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN