Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/raukudak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Onomatopoeic root + *-udak.
Verb
*raukudak (stem *rauku-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *raukudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *raugun | *rauguin | — | *raukugon |
| 2nd sing. | *raugut | *rauguit | *rauguk | *raukugos |
| 3rd sing. | *raukubi *rauku |
*raukui | *raukugasën | *raukugosën |
| 1st plur. | *raugukmëk *raugukmak |
*raukuimëk *raukuimak |
*raukugatëmëk *raukugatamak |
*raukugotëmëk *raukugotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *rauguktëk *rauguktak |
*raukuidëk *raukuidak |
*raukugatë *raukugata |
*raukugot'ëk *raukugotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *raukubat *rauku |
*raukui | *raukugasën | *raukugosën |
| passive | *rauguksën *raugut'aksën |
*raukudisën *rauguttisën |
*raukudakahën *rauguttakahën |
*raukudakohën *rauguttakohën |
| connegative | *rauguk | — | *raukugak | *raukugok |
| passive connegative | *rauguktak | — | *raukudagak *rauguttagak |
*raukudagok *rauguttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *raugukcin | *raukuicin | *raukunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *raugukcit | *raukuicit | *raukunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *raugukci | *raukuici | *raukuni | |
| 1st plur. | *raugukcimëk *raugukcimak |
*raukuicimëk *raukuicimak |
*raukunëmëk *raukunëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *raugukcidëk *raugukcidak |
*raukuicidëk *raukuicidak |
*raukunëdëk *raukunëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *raugukci | *raukuici | *raukuni | |
| passive | *raukudakcihën *raugut'akcihën |
*raukudicihën *raugutticihën |
*raukudanëhën *rauguttanëhën | |
| connegative | *raugukcik | *raukuicik | *raukunëk | |
| passive connegative | *raukudakcik *raugut'akcik |
*raukudicik *raugutticik |
*raukudanëk *rauguttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *raukudak | present | *raukuba | *raukudapa *rauguttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *raukudë- | past | *raukunut | *raukudu *rauguttu |
| gerund/supine | *raukuma | |||
| action noun | *raukuminen | |||
Descendants
- Finnish: (dialectal, rare) raukua, ⇒ raukuttaa
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: raukuo
- South Karelian: rauguo
- Livvi: rauguo
- Võro: r'augma/r'auguq
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “raukua”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN