Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rippudak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Uncertain. LÄGLOS connects Finnish riippua with *riippi, the supposed ancestor of Estonian ribi ("hay basket") and Finnish riippi ("mesh backpack"), for which a Germanic etymology exists. Any connection would however require -ii- to be primary, and those two words only have fragmentary dialectal attestation, suggesting that one is borrowed from the other and/or a more recent Germanic borrowing. Thus it is unlikely that Finnic *rippu- is related to either.
Verb
*rippudak (stem *rippu-)[1]
- to hang (to be suspended)
Inflection
Inflection of *rippudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *rip'un | *rip'uin | — | *rippugon |
| 2nd sing. | *rip'ut | *rip'uit | *rip'uk | *rippugos |
| 3rd sing. | *rippubi *rippu |
*rippui | *rippugasën | *rippugosën |
| 1st plur. | *rip'ukmëk *rip'ukmak |
*rippuimëk *rippuimak |
*rippugatëmëk *rippugatamak |
*rippugotëmëk *rippugotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *rip'uktëk *rip'uktak |
*rippuidëk *rippuidak |
*rippugatë *rippugata |
*rippugot'ëk *rippugotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *rippubat *rippu |
*rippui | *rippugasën | *rippugosën |
| passive | *rip'uksën *rip'ut'aksën |
*rippudisën *rip'uttisën |
*rippudakahën *rip'uttakahën |
*rippudakohën *rip'uttakohën |
| connegative | *rip'uk | — | *rippugak | *rippugok |
| passive connegative | *rip'uktak | — | *rippudagak *rip'uttagak |
*rippudagok *rip'uttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *rip'ukcin | *rippuicin | *rippunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *rip'ukcit | *rippuicit | *rippunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *rip'ukci | *rippuici | *rippuni | |
| 1st plur. | *rip'ukcimëk *rip'ukcimak |
*rippuicimëk *rippuicimak |
*rippunëmëk *rippunëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *rip'ukcidëk *rip'ukcidak |
*rippuicidëk *rippuicidak |
*rippunëdëk *rippunëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *rip'ukci | *rippuici | *rippuni | |
| passive | *rippudakcihën *rip'ut'akcihën |
*rippudicihën *rip'utticihën |
*rippudanëhën *rip'uttanëhën | |
| connegative | *rip'ukcik | *rippuicik | *rippunëk | |
| passive connegative | *rippudakcik *rip'ut'akcik |
*rippudicik *rip'utticik |
*rippudanëk *rip'uttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *rippudak | present | *rippuba | *rippudapa *rip'uttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *rippudë- | past | *rippunut | *rippudu *rip'uttu |
| gerund/supine | *rippuma | |||
| action noun | *rippuminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: rippuma/rippuda
- Finnish: riippua, rippua (dialectal)
- Ingrian: rippua
- Karelian: rippuo
- Livvi: rippuo
- Ludian: rippuda
- Veps: ripta
- Võro: ripma/rippuq
- Votic: rippua
References
Further reading
- “rippuma”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012