Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rohtidak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From earlier *rošte-j-, cognate with Proto-Samic [Term?] (whence Northern Sami rostet). Further etymology unknown.
Verb
*rohtidak (stem *rohti-)[1]
- to dare (to have the courage)
- Synonyms: *tohtidak, *uskaltadak
Inflection
Inflection of *rohtidak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *rohtin | *rohtëjin | — | *rohtigon |
| 2nd sing. | *rohtit | *rohtëjit | *rohtik | *rohtigos |
| 3rd sing. | *rohtibi *rohti |
*rohtëji | *rohtigasën | *rohtigosën |
| 1st plur. | *rohtikmëk *rohtikmak |
*rohtëjimëk *rohtëjimak |
*rohtigatëmëk *rohtigatamak |
*rohtigotëmëk *rohtigotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *rohtiktëk *rohtiktak |
*rohtëjidëk *rohtëjidak |
*rohtigatë *rohtigata |
*rohtigot'ëk *rohtigotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *rohtibat *rohti |
*rohtëji | *rohtigasën | *rohtigosën |
| passive | *rohtiksën *rohtit'aksën |
*rohtidisën *rohtittisën |
*rohtidakahën *rohtittakahën |
*rohtidakohën *rohtittakohën |
| connegative | *rohtik | — | *rohtigak | *rohtigok |
| passive connegative | *rohtiktak | — | *rohtidagak *rohtittagak |
*rohtidagok *rohtittagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *rohtikcin | *rohtëjicin | *rohtinën | |
| 2nd sing. | *rohtikcit | *rohtëjicit | *rohtinët | |
| 3rd sing. | *rohtikci | *rohtëjici | *rohtini | |
| 1st plur. | *rohtikcimëk *rohtikcimak |
*rohtëjicimëk *rohtëjicimak |
*rohtinëmëk *rohtinëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *rohtikcidëk *rohtikcidak |
*rohtëjicidëk *rohtëjicidak |
*rohtinëdëk *rohtinëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *rohtikci | *rohtëjici | *rohtini | |
| passive | *rohtidakcihën *rohtit'akcihën |
*rohtidicihën *rohtitticihën |
*rohtidanëhën *rohtittanëhën | |
| connegative | *rohtikcik | *rohtëjicik | *rohtinëk | |
| passive connegative | *rohtidakcik *rohtit'akcik |
*rohtidicik *rohtitticik |
*rohtidanëk *rohtittanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *rohtidak | present | *rohtiba | *rohtidapa *rohtittapa |
| infinitive 2 | *rohtidë- | past | *rohtinut | *rohtidu *rohtittu |
| gerund/supine | *rohtima | |||
| action noun | *rohtiminen | |||
Descendants
- Finnish: (dialectal) rohtia
- Ingrian: roohtia
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: ruohtie
- South Karelian: ruohtie
- Livvi: ruohtie
- Ludian: ruohtida
- Veps: rohtta
References
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “rohtia”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN