Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tabat'ak
Proto-Finnic
Alternative reconstructions
- *tabait'ak
Etymology
Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *dabaną[1] + *-t'ak or *-it'ak.
Verb
*tabat'ak (stem *tapada-)[2]
Inflection
Inflection of *tabat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *tapadan | *tapacin | — | *tabatkon |
| 2nd sing. | *tapadat | *tapacit | *tapadak | *tabatkos |
| 3rd sing. | *tapadapi *tabat |
*tapaci | *tabatkasën | *tabatkosën |
| 1st plur. | *tapadakmëk *tapadakmak |
*tapacimëk *tapacimak |
*tabatkatëmëk *tabatkatamak |
*tabatkotëmëk *tabatkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *tapadaktëk *tapadaktak |
*tapacidëk *tapacidak |
*tabatkatë *tabatkata |
*tabatkot'ëk *tabatkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *tapadabat *tabat |
*tapaci | *tabatkasën | *tabatkosën |
| passive | *tapadaksën *tapadat'aksën |
*tabattisën *tapadattihën |
*tabattakahën *tapadattagasën |
*tabattakohën *tapadattagosën |
| connegative | *tapadak | — | *tabatkak | *tabatkok |
| passive connegative | *tapadaktak | — | *tabattagak *tapadattagak |
*tabattagok *tapadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *tapadakcin | *tapacicin | *tabannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *tapadakcit | *tapacicit | *tabannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *tapadakci | *tapacici | *tabanni | |
| 1st plur. | *tapadakcimëk *tapadakcimak |
*tapacicimëk *tapacicimak |
*tabannëmëk *tabannëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *tapadakcidëk *tapadakcidak |
*tapacicidëk *tapacicidak |
*tabannëdëk *tabannëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *tapadakci | *tapacici | *tabanni | |
| passive | *tabat'akcihën *tapadat'akcisën |
*tabatticihën *tapadatticisën |
*tabattanëhën *tapadattanësën | |
| connegative | *tapadakcik | *tapacicik | *tabannëk | |
| passive connegative | *tabat'akcik *tapadat'akcik |
*tabatticik *tapadatticik |
*tabattanëk *tapadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *tabat'ak | present | *tapadapa | *tabattapa *tapadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *tabattë- | past | *tabannut | *tabattu *tapadattu |
| gerund/supine | *tapadama | |||
| action noun | *tapadaminen | |||
Derived terms
- *tapahtudak (possibly)
Descendants
- Estonian: tabama/tabada
- Finnish: tavata
- Ingrian: tavata
- Karelian:
- South Karelian: tavata
- Livonian: ta’bbõ (“to guess, to solve a riddle”)
- Livvi: tavata
- Ludian: tabata
- Veps: tabata
- Võro: tabama/tabadaq
- Votic: tavatõ
References
- ^ Kylstra, A.D.; Hahmo, Sirkka-Liisa; Hofstra, Tette; Nikkilä, Otto. 1991–2012. Lexikon der älteren germanischen Lehnwörter in den ostseefinnischen Sprachen. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*tapa(i)da-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][1] (in Finnish)
Further reading
- “tabama”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “tavata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN