Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tarttudak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
According to SSA, of sound-symbolic origin (compare dialectal Finnish tyrttyä),[1] with the suffix + *-udak. Compare also Finnish tarrata (“to adhere; to grab”). According to UEW, possibly from Proto-Finno-Ugric *tarttɜ- (“to cling to, stick to, get caught”), whence Hungarian tart,[2] but the consensus of modern scholarship is that Proto-Uralic did not allow such consonant clusters.
Verb
*tarttudak (stem *tarttu-)
Inflection
Inflection of *tarttudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *tart'un | *tart'uin | — | *tarttugon |
| 2nd sing. | *tart'ut | *tart'uit | *tart'uk | *tarttugos |
| 3rd sing. | *tarttubi *tarttu |
*tarttui | *tarttugasën | *tarttugosën |
| 1st plur. | *tart'ukmëk *tart'ukmak |
*tarttuimëk *tarttuimak |
*tarttugatëmëk *tarttugatamak |
*tarttugotëmëk *tarttugotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *tart'uktëk *tart'uktak |
*tarttuidëk *tarttuidak |
*tarttugatë *tarttugata |
*tarttugot'ëk *tarttugotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *tarttubat *tarttu |
*tarttui | *tarttugasën | *tarttugosën |
| passive | *tart'uksën *tart'ut'aksën |
*tarttudisën *tart'uttisën |
*tarttudakahën *tart'uttakahën |
*tarttudakohën *tart'uttakohën |
| connegative | *tart'uk | — | *tarttugak | *tarttugok |
| passive connegative | *tart'uktak | — | *tarttudagak *tart'uttagak |
*tarttudagok *tart'uttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *tart'ukcin | *tarttuicin | *tarttunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *tart'ukcit | *tarttuicit | *tarttunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *tart'ukci | *tarttuici | *tarttuni | |
| 1st plur. | *tart'ukcimëk *tart'ukcimak |
*tarttuicimëk *tarttuicimak |
*tarttunëmëk *tarttunëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *tart'ukcidëk *tart'ukcidak |
*tarttuicidëk *tarttuicidak |
*tarttunëdëk *tarttunëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *tart'ukci | *tarttuici | *tarttuni | |
| passive | *tarttudakcihën *tart'ut'akcihën |
*tarttudicihën *tart'utticihën |
*tarttudanëhën *tart'uttanëhën | |
| connegative | *tart'ukcik | *tarttuicik | *tarttunëk | |
| passive connegative | *tarttudakcik *tart'ut'akcik |
*tarttudicik *tart'utticik |
*tarttudanëk *tart'uttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *tarttudak | present | *tarttuba | *tarttudapa *tart'uttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *tarttudë- | past | *tarttunut | *tarttudu *tart'uttu |
| gerund/supine | *tarttuma | |||
| action noun | *tarttuminen | |||
Descendants
- >? Estonian: tarduma/tarduda
- Finnish: tarttua
- Ingrian: tarttua
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: tarttuo
- South Karelian: tarttuo
- Livvi: tartuo
- Ludian: tartuda
- Veps: tartuda
- Votic: tarttua
References
- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “tarttua”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- ^ Entry #1029 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.