Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tok'ërtadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
According to SSA and EES, of sound-symbolic origin;[1][2] apparently with at least + *-tadak.
Verb
*tok'ërtadak (stem *tok'ërta-)[3]
- to stagger, to totter
- to do something with difficulty or clumsily
Inflection
Inflection of *tok'ërtadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *tok'ërdan | *tok'ërdoin | — | *tok'ërtagon |
| 2nd sing. | *tok'ërdat | *tok'ërdoit | *tok'ërdak | *tok'ërtagos |
| 3rd sing. | *tok'ërtapi *tok'ërta |
*tok'ërtoi | *tok'ërtakahën | *tok'ërtakohën |
| 1st plur. | *tok'ërdakmëk *tok'ërdakmak |
*tok'ërtoimëk *tok'ërtoimak |
*tok'ërtakadëmëk *tok'ërtakadamak |
*tok'ërtakodëmëk *tok'ërtakodamak |
| 2nd plur. | *tok'ërdaktëk *tok'ërdaktak |
*tok'ërtoidëk *tok'ërtoidak |
*tok'ërtakadë *tok'ërtakada |
*tok'ërtagot'ëk *tok'ërtakodadak |
| 3rd plur. | *tok'ërtabat *tok'ërta |
*tok'ërtoi | *tok'ërtakahën | *tok'ërtakohën |
| passive | *tok'ërdaksën *tok'ërdat'aksën |
*tok'ërtatihën *tok'ërdattihën |
*tok'ërtatagasën *tok'ërdattagasën |
*tok'ërtatagosën *tok'ërdattagosën |
| connegative | *tok'ërdak | — | *tok'ërtagak | *tok'ërtagok |
| passive connegative | *tok'ërdaktak | — | *tok'ërtatagak *tok'ërdattagak |
*tok'ërtatagok *tok'ërdattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *tok'ërdakcin | *tok'ërtoicin | *tok'ërtanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *tok'ërdakcit | *tok'ërtoicit | *tok'ërtanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *tok'ërdakci | *tok'ërtoici | *tok'ërtani | |
| 1st plur. | *tok'ërdakcimëk *tok'ërdakcimak |
*tok'ërtoicimëk *tok'ërtoicimak |
*tok'ërtanëmëk *tok'ërtanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *tok'ërdakcidëk *tok'ërdakcidak |
*tok'ërtoicidëk *tok'ërtoicidak |
*tok'ërtanëdëk *tok'ërtanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *tok'ërdakci | *tok'ërtoici | *tok'ërtani | |
| passive | *tok'ërtadakcisën *tok'ërdat'akcisën |
*tok'ërtaticisën *tok'ërdatticisën |
*tok'ërtatanësën *tok'ërdattanësën | |
| connegative | *tok'ërdakcik | *tok'ërtoicik | *tok'ërtanëk | |
| passive connegative | *tok'ërtadakcik *tok'ërdat'akcik |
*tok'ërtaticik *tok'ërdatticik |
*tok'ërtatanëk *tok'ërdattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *tok'ërtadak | present | *tok'ërtapa | *tok'ërtataba *tok'ërdattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *tok'ërtatë- | past | *tok'ërtanut | *tok'ërtatu *tok'ërdattu |
| gerund/supine | *tok'ërtama | |||
| action noun | *tok'ërtaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: tokerdama/tokerdada
- Finnish: tokertaa
- Võro: tokõrdama/tokõrdaq
References
- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “tokertaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- ^ “tokerdama”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*tok̆kërta-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][2] (in Finnish)