Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tuhnidak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
According to SSA and EES, sound-symbolic.[1][2]
Verb
*tuhnidak (stem *tuhni-)[3]
Inflection
Inflection of *tuhnidak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *tuhnin | *tuhnëjin | — | *tuhnigon |
| 2nd sing. | *tuhnit | *tuhnëjit | *tuhnik | *tuhnigos |
| 3rd sing. | *tuhnibi *tuhni |
*tuhnëji | *tuhnigasën | *tuhnigosën |
| 1st plur. | *tuhnikmëk *tuhnikmak |
*tuhnëjimëk *tuhnëjimak |
*tuhnigatëmëk *tuhnigatamak |
*tuhnigotëmëk *tuhnigotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *tuhniktëk *tuhniktak |
*tuhnëjidëk *tuhnëjidak |
*tuhnigatë *tuhnigata |
*tuhnigot'ëk *tuhnigotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *tuhnibat *tuhni |
*tuhnëji | *tuhnigasën | *tuhnigosën |
| passive | *tuhniksën *tuhnit'aksën |
*tuhnidisën *tuhnittisën |
*tuhnidakahën *tuhnittakahën |
*tuhnidakohën *tuhnittakohën |
| connegative | *tuhnik | — | *tuhnigak | *tuhnigok |
| passive connegative | *tuhniktak | — | *tuhnidagak *tuhnittagak |
*tuhnidagok *tuhnittagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *tuhnikcin | *tuhnëjicin | *tuhninën | |
| 2nd sing. | *tuhnikcit | *tuhnëjicit | *tuhninët | |
| 3rd sing. | *tuhnikci | *tuhnëjici | *tuhnini | |
| 1st plur. | *tuhnikcimëk *tuhnikcimak |
*tuhnëjicimëk *tuhnëjicimak |
*tuhninëmëk *tuhninëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *tuhnikcidëk *tuhnikcidak |
*tuhnëjicidëk *tuhnëjicidak |
*tuhninëdëk *tuhninëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *tuhnikci | *tuhnëjici | *tuhnini | |
| passive | *tuhnidakcihën *tuhnit'akcihën |
*tuhnidicihën *tuhnitticihën |
*tuhnidanëhën *tuhnittanëhën | |
| connegative | *tuhnikcik | *tuhnëjicik | *tuhninëk | |
| passive connegative | *tuhnidakcik *tuhnit'akcik |
*tuhnidicik *tuhnitticik |
*tuhnidanëk *tuhnittanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *tuhnidak | present | *tuhniba | *tuhnidapa *tuhnittapa |
| infinitive 2 | *tuhnidë- | past | *tuhninut | *tuhnidu *tuhnittu |
| gerund/supine | *tuhnima | |||
| action noun | *tuhniminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: tuhnima/tuhnida
- Finnish: (dialectal) tuhnia
- Karelian:
- South Karelian: tuhnie
- Livvi: tuhnie
- Võro: tuhn'ma/tuhniq
References
- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “tuhnu”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- ^ “tuhnima”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*tuhni-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][2] (in Finnish)