Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/viiccidäk
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown. Has been compared to Erzya виздемс (vizdems, “to be ashamed”), which may be from Proto-Finno-Permic *wačз-, but this is not compatible with the Finnic word.
Verb
*viiccidäk (stem *viicci-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *viiccidäk
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *viic'in | *viiccejin | — | *viiccigon |
| 2nd sing. | *viic'it | *viiccejit | *viic'ik | *viiccigos |
| 3rd sing. | *viiccibi *viicci |
*viicceji | *viiccigäsen | *viiccigosen |
| 1st plur. | *viic'ikmek *viic'ikmäk |
*viiccejimek *viiccejimäk |
*viiccigätemek *viiccigätämäk |
*viiccigotemek *viiccigotämäk |
| 2nd plur. | *viic'iktek *viic'iktäk |
*viiccejidek *viiccejidäk |
*viiccigäte *viiccigätä |
*viiccigot'ek *viiccigotädäk |
| 3rd plur. | *viiccibät *viicci |
*viicceji | *viiccigäsen | *viiccigosen |
| passive | *viic'iksen *viic'it'äksen |
*viiccidisen *viic'ittisen |
*viiccidäkähen *viic'ittäkähen |
*viiccidäkohen *viic'ittäkohen |
| connegative | *viic'ik | — | *viiccigäk | *viiccigok |
| passive connegative | *viic'iktäk | — | *viiccidägäk *viic'ittägäk |
*viiccidägok *viic'ittägok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *viic'ikcin | *viiccejicin | *viiccinen | |
| 2nd sing. | *viic'ikcit | *viiccejicit | *viiccinet | |
| 3rd sing. | *viic'ikci | *viiccejici | *viiccini | |
| 1st plur. | *viic'ikcimek *viic'ikcimäk |
*viiccejicimek *viiccejicimäk |
*viiccinemek *viiccinemäk | |
| 2nd plur. | *viic'ikcidek *viic'ikcidäk |
*viiccejicidek *viiccejicidäk |
*viiccinedek *viiccinedäk | |
| 3rd plur. | *viic'ikci | *viiccejici | *viiccini | |
| passive | *viiccidäkcihen *viic'it'äkcihen |
*viiccidicihen *viic'itticihen |
*viiccidänehen *viic'ittänehen | |
| connegative | *viic'ikcik | *viiccejicik | *viiccinek | |
| passive connegative | *viiccidäkcik *viic'it'äkcik |
*viiccidicik *viic'itticik |
*viiccidänek *viic'ittänek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *viiccidäk | present | *viiccibä | *viiccidäpä *viic'ittäpä |
| infinitive 2 | *viiccide- | past | *viiccinüt | *viiccidü *viic'ittü |
| gerund/supine | *viiccimä | |||
| action noun | *viicciminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: viitsima/viitsida
- Finnish: viitsiä
- Ingrian: viitsiä
- Livonian: vītš ?
- Votic: viittsiä
- → Proto-Samic: *višëtēk
From *viicidäk ?:
- Võro: viis'mä/viisiq
References
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*vii(c)ci-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][1] (in Finnish)
Further reading
- “viitsima”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012