Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þewaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; the quasi-Indo-European reconstruction is *tew-o-s.^[1] Possibly either from earlier *þegwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run”),^[2] or from *tew(h₂)- (“to swell, grow”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈθe.wɑz/

Noun

*þewaz m^[1]

slave, servant

Inflection

Declension of *þewaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*þewaz	þewōz, þewōs
vocative	*þew	þewōz, þewōs
accusative	*þewą	*þewanz
genitive	þewas, þiwis	*þewǫ̂
dative	*þewai	*þewamaz
instrumental	*þewō	*þewamiz

Derived terms

*Agiþewaz m (a male given name)
*þewāną (“to enslave, to subject”)
*þewanōną (“to serve”)
- *þewanōstaz m (“service”)

Related terms

*þiwī

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *þeu
- Old English: þēow, (older) þēo
  - Middle English: theow, thew
    - English: theow
- Old High German: deo
Proto-Norse: ᚦᛖᚹᚨᛉ (þewaʀ)
- Old Norse: -þér
Gothic: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃 (þius)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þewa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 541
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “*tekʷ-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1059

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þewa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 541

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “*tekʷ-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1059

[1]

[2]